Plato and Aristotle:
Master – Student Relationship in the Early Academy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/SPI.2021.3.001Keywords
Academy, Plato, Aristotle, master, philosophical educationAbstract
The aim of the article is to analyze the master – student relationship on the example of the relationship between Plato, the founder of the Academy, and Aristotle, his most outstanding pupil. Aristotle is usually seen as a critic and traitor of Platonism. This thesis is justified only if the master – student relationship is perceived in the school paradigm.
Based on the analysis of preserved testimonies and a discussion about the early Academy among contemporary scholars, I claim in the article that Plato had created a new model of collaboration with students, which I described as “scientific”. It is characterized by: the lack of orthodox doctrine in the early Academy, open discussions of the master with students over the assumptions and difficulties of his doctrine of Ideas, absolute freedom of Academy members to conduct independent research, their intellectual independence, even leading to the rejection of the master’s doctrine. In Aristotle’s case, this not only resulted in the formulation of original concepts within physics, metaphysics, politics and ethics, but also in another model of scientific work and pedagogical practice in his own school. Nevertheless, I firmly define Aristotle as a true Platonist and the most outstanding continuator of the master’s teaching. Aristotle remained faithful to Plato’s most important message: that the philosophical model of life – bios theoretikos – is a vocation of man.
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