The Educational Activity of Polish Societies in Upper Silesia at the Turn of the 19th and the 20th Centuries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/SPI.2016.2.002Keywords
cultural and educational work, Polish organizations, forms of educational work, popularization of Polish culture, Upper SilesiaAbstract
At the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries in Upper Silesia, the development of Polish organizations began. The Polish-speaking population inhabiting the region were deprived of the possibility of being educated in their mother tongue. Therefore, the socio-cultural organizations undertook actions to compensate for the lack of Polish schools, as well as ones which were meant to revive the feeling of national belonging among the native inhabitants of the region. In the period between 1899 and 1914 there were over 200 of them and their main objective was to defend and preserve the Polish character in the areas inhabited by the Polish-speaking population. It was realized through popularizing knowledge and inspiring various forms of cultural and educational work. The particularly popular actions comprised lectures, which were run by all the Polish organizations, as well as courses of the Polish language. Attention should also be paid to the concern for the development of readership among the Polish population, which manifested itself in setting up Polish libraries in various places of Opole Silesia. The young preferred to take part in activities of amateur theatres which – in the winter season – staged different plays. Excursions to Krakow and Częstochowa were organized, while community parties were held during the carnival season and in this way German influences were opposed. The article presents some of the organizations and forms of their cultural and educational work.
References
Instytut Śląski w Opolu, Teki Alojza Targa, zbiory specjalne, A 702, t.118, 121.
Mazurek S. Nasza droga do wolności, maszynopis w Bibliotece Instytutu Śląskiego w Opolu.
„Nowiny Raciborskie” 1897 nr 137.
„Świat i Życie” 1948 nr 6 i 10.
Antonów M., Działalność kulturalna polskich towarzystw nas Górnym Śląsku w drugiej połowie XIX i na początku XX wieku w świetle współczesnej prasy polskiej, „Studia Śląskie” 1958, t. 2.
Antonów M., Towarzystwa przemysłowców polskich w Bytomiu, Katowicach i Królewskiej Hucie w latach 1890–1914, „Kwartalnik Opolski”, 1964 nr 3–4.
Fojcik J., Materiały do dziejów ruchu śpiewaczego na Śląsku, Wydawnictwo Śląsk, Katowice 1961.
Grajpel A., Z dziejów tajnej oświaty polskiej w Zabrzu, Kroniki miasta Zabrza 1978.
Historia Śląska, t. 3, cz. 2, red. S. Michalkiewicz, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Wrocław 1985.
Jonca K., Polityka socjalna Niemiec w przemyśle ciężkim Górnego Śląska, Wydawnictwo Śląsk, Katowice 1966.
Kwiatek J., Górnośląska szkoła ludowa na przełomie XIX i XX wieku, Instytut Śląski w Opolu, Opole 1987.
Mazurek S., Z dziejów polskiego ruchu kobiecego, Instytut Śląski w Opolu, Opole 1969.
Mykita-Glensk C., Początki ruchu młodzieżowego na Górnym Śląsku, „Zaranie Śląskie” 1966, z. 4.
Ogrodziński W., Dzieje dzielnicy śląskiej „Sokoła”, Związek Polskich Towarzystw Gimnastycznych „Sokół”, Katowice 1937.
Pater M., Polskie dążenia narodowe na Górnym Śląsku (1891–1914), Centrum Badań Śląskoznawczych i Bohemistycznych Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław 1998.
Pater M., Polskie postawy narodowe na Śląsku w XIX wieku, cz. II (1871–1990), „Sudety”, Wrocław 1993.
Ponczek M., Towarzystwo Gimnastyczne „Sokół” na Górnym Śląsku. Zarys dziejów 1895–1939, Muzeum Śląskie, Katowice 1987.
Porwol L., Działalność narodowa Karola Piechy z Zaborza, Kroniki miasta Zabrza 1978.
Ręgorowicz L., Wspomnienia śląskie i poznańskie, Instytut Śląski w Opolu, Opole 1976.
Sapia-Drewniak E., Aktywność kulturalna i oświatowa kobiet na Śląsku Opolskim w latach 1922–1939, Związek Górnośląski, Opole 1991.
Targ A., Przyczynek do historii Elsów śląskich, „Zaranie Śląskie” 1964, z. 2.
Wróblewski J., Polskie biblioteki ludowe w zaborze pruskim i na terenie Rzeszy Niemieckiej w latach 1843–1939, Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego, Olsztyn 1975.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
By submitting an article, the author declares that:
they are the author of the article (hereinafter referred to as the Work) and:
- is entitled to exclusive and unlimited copyright to the Work,
- is entitled to dispose of the copyrights to the Work.
The Author grants the Jesuit University Ignatianum in Cracow a free, non-exclusive, territorially unlimited license to use the Work in the following fields of exploitation:
- publishing the Work in paper, digital or magnetic form;
- multiplying the work by any method, without limiting the number of editions or copies;
- distribution of the work and its copies in any form, including marketing, sales, lending, and lease;
- placing the work in a computer memory;
- distribution of the work in information networks, including the Internet;
- public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the Work available to the public in such a manner that everyone could have access to it at a time and place chosen by themselves;
- within the scope of dependent rights to the Work, covering, in particular, the right to make necessary changes to the Work, resulting from editorial and methodical preparation, as well as to make translations of the Work into other languages.
The license right shall be transferred the moment of transfer of the Work to the Jesuit University Ignatianum in Cracow. The Jesuit University Ignatianum in Cracow is entitled to grant sub-licenses to the Work in terms of the right granted. The license shall be limited in time for a period of 15 years from the date it is granted.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 365
Number of citations: 0
