Gender Differences in Desistance from Crime
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/SPI.2021.5.003Keywords
desistance from crime, gender differences, life-course theory, predictors, rehabilitationAbstract
Desistance from crime has become the dominant research category in recent decades in criminology and rehabilitation practice. A better understanding of the process, together with the identification of factors supporting desistance, allow the use of more adequate practices and strengthening the activity of offenders in their pursuit of breaking with criminal life. This article aims to present contemporary knowledge about the process of desistance from crime in both women and men. First, the author presents the main definitions before analyzing the structural and individual factors present in the process of desistance. Mostly, the differences between women and men are emphasized, with men desisting from crime as a result of factors related to social status (employment, marriage), while women tend to stress the role of factors related to personal relationships (family, friends, acquaintances, curators, therapists) in the process of change. Literature analysis is a necessary stage in understanding the process of desistance from crime, which allows to design and conduct own research among various groups of offenders. Finally, the author provides some tips for social rehabilitation practice: one must believe in the person’s potential and support it, and at the same time undertake the necessary therapeutic steps; the motivation of offenders to change their way of life should be strengthened by focusing on the strengths of the individual; one should pay attention to gender differences in the process of desistance from crime and create a friendly environment for change in which many social agencies are involved.
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