Beyond Consequentialist Ethics
Intentional Action and the Virtuous Citizen in the Age of AI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/SetF.2026.020Schlagworte
Künstliche Intelligenz (KI), Ethik der KI;, Handlungstheorie;, Intentionalität, Christliche Ethik, Tugendethik, Moralisches Handeln, Technomoralische TugendenAbstract
Diese Studie untersucht, wie das Potenzial künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) zum Gemeinwohl gelenkt werden kann, wobei die ethische Verantwortung derjenigen betont wird, die sie programmieren, regulieren und nutzen. Ausgehend von einer klassischen aristotelisch-thomistischen Perspektive argumentiert unser Beitrag, dass KI mangels Intelligenz und Willen im philosophischen Sinne kein moralischer Akteur und somit nicht für ihre Handlungen verantwortlich sein kann. Als Antwort auf diese Herausforderung werden zwei ethische Vorschläge als Kandidaten für die in einer KI-basierten Welt erforderliche Ethik analysiert: der Konsequentialismus und die Ethik der intentionalen Haltung. Wir verwerfen den Konsequentialismus aufgrund seiner Unzulänglichkeit für diese Aufgabe und entscheiden uns stattdessen für eine Ethik der intentionalen Handlung, inspiriert von der Arbeit Martin Rhonheimers. Unsere Forschung kommt zu dem Schluss, dass es, um in einer KI-basierten Gesellschaft gut zu leben, nicht ausreicht, technisch-ethische Systeme im Geiste des Konsequentialismus zu entwerfen; vielmehr ist es unerlässlich, Bürger heranzubilden, die als KI-Nutzer mit Tugenden ausgestattet sind, allen voran mit der Tugend der Klugheit.
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