Hand Gestures in the Bible
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TiCz.2021.005Keywords
gestures, hands, nonverbal communication, body language, BibleAbstract
Hand gestures are a crucial part of human interactions. As such, they are also reflected in works of art and culture, a special case being the descriptions of gestures in literature. It is difficult for a contemporary reader to understand them and to translate each part of nonverbal communication in a way that is intelligible to audiences from other cultures. The article focuses on the hand gestures described in the Bible, offering a broader analysis of some of them (such as the lifting of hands, laying on of hands, handclapping, striking of the thigh and touching and shaking of hands). This makes it possible to present the basic problems connected with the occurrence of elements of nonverbal communication in literature and the research being conducted in that area.
References
Arystoteles, De anima, https://digital.slub-dresden.de/werkansicht/dlf/106415/1/0/ (dostęp 17.04.2020r.).
Barnaba, Barnabae Epistula, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0629%3Achapter%3D12%3Asection%3D2 (dostęp 17.04.2020r.).
Boegehold A.L., When a Gesture Was Expected. A Selection of Examples from Archaic and Classical Greek Literature, Princeton 1999.
Botha J.E., Exploring Gesture and Nonverbal Communication in the Bible and the Ancient World: Some Initial Observations, „Neotestamentica” 30 (1996), nr 1, s. 1–19.
Bremmer J., „Walking, Standing and Sitting in Ancient Greek Cuture”, w: A Cultural History of Gesture. From Antiquity to the Present Day, red. J. Bremmer i H. Roodenburg, Ithaca 1991, s. 15–35.
Brilliant R., Gesture and Rank in Roman Art. The Use of Gestures to denote Status in Roman Sculpture and Coinage, Kopenhaga 1963.
Calabro D.M., Ritual Gestures of Lifting, Extending, and Clasping the Hand(s) in Northwest Semitic Literature and Iconography (rozprawa doktorska, 2014), https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/calabro_dissertation_complete_7.pdf (dostęp 13.11.2019).
Calabro D.M., A Reexamination of the Ancient Israelite Gesture of Hand Placement, w Sacrifice, Cult, and Atonement in Early Judaism and Christianity, red. H.L. Wiley, C.A. Eberhart, Atlanta 2017, s. 99–124.
Carena O., La comunicazione non-verbale nella Bibbia: un approccio semiotico al ciclo di Elia ed Eliseo: 1 Re 16, 29 – 2 Re 13, 25, Turyn 1981.
Choksy J.K., In Reverence for Deities and Submission to Kings: A Few Gestures in Ancient Near Eastern Societies, „Iranica Antiqua” XXXVII (2002), s. 7–29.
Davies J.A., Lift Up you Heads: Nonverbal Communication and Related Body Imagery, Eugene 2018.
Ehrlich U., The Nonverbal Language of Prayer: A New Approach of Jewish Liturgy, Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism 105, Tybinga 2004.
Ehrlich U., Verbal and Non-Verbal Rituals of Leave-Taking in Rabbinic Culture – Phenomenology and Significance, „Jewish Studies Quarterly” 8 (2001), s. 1–26.
Ehrlich U., The Ritual of Lending Shoulders: Distribution and Significance in Talmudic Times, „Hebrew Union College Annual” 75 (2004), s. 23–35.
Ferch-Johnson C., Human Hands and Feet and Their Functions as Media of Nonverbal Communication in the Narratives of Acts 3:1-11 and 9:1-19a (rozprawa doktorska 2016), https://research.avondale.edu.au/theses_phd/8 (dostęp: 3.01.2019).
Fox N.S., Clapping Hands as a Gesture of Anguish and Anger in Mesopotamia and in Israel, „Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society” 23 (1995), s. 49–60.
Gruber M.I., Aspects of Nonverbal Communication in the Ancient Near East, Biblical Institute Press, t. 1, Rzym 1980.
Gruber M.I., Aspects of Nonverbal Communication in the Ancient Near East, Biblical Institute Press, t. 2, Rzym 1980.
Hezser C., Rabbinic Body Language: Non-Verbal Communication in Palestinian Rabbinic Literature of Late Antiquity, Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism t. 179, Leiden 2017.
Justyn Męczennik, Dialog z Żydem Tryfonem, w 1 i 2 Apologia. Dialog z Żydem Tryfonem, tłum. L. Misiarczyk, Warszawa 2012.
Keel O., The Symbolism of the Biblical World. Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms, Nowy Jork 1978.
Knapp M.L., Hall J.A., Komunikacja niewerbalna w interakcjach międzyludzkich, Wrocław 1997.
Korte B., Body Language in Literature, Toronto 1997.
Kruger P., Nonverbal Communication and Narrative Literature: Genesis 39 and the Ruth Novella, „Biblische Notizen” 141 (2009), s. 5–17.
Majewski, M. Jak przekłady zmieniają sens Biblii... O teorii i praktyce tłumaczenia Biblii. Kraków 2019.
Matthews V.H., Making Your Point: The Use of Gestures in Ancient Israel, „Biblical Theology Bulletin” 42 (2012), nr 1, s. 18–29.
Papadopoulu I.N., „Sardanapallus’ Gesture”, w: Body Language in the Greek and Roman Worlds, red. D.L. Cairns, Swansea 2005, s. 107–122.
Papieska Komisja Biblijna. 1994. Interpretacja Pisma Świętego w Kościele. Tłum. K. Romaniuk. Poznań.
Piela M., „Znaki komunikacji niewerbalnej a przekład biblijny”, w: Recepcja. Transfer. Przekład, t. 3, red. J. Koźbiał, Warszawa 2005, s. 71-88.
Rambiert-Kwaśniewska A., Córki Syjońskie (Iz 3,16-24). Błyskotliwy przykład ekwiwalencji dynamicznej czy dowód na istnienie nie-masoreckiej Vorlage LXX?, „Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny”, 25 (2017), nr 2, s. 97–116.
Sittl, C., Die Gebärden der Griechen und Römer, Lipsk 1890.
Wright D.P., The Gesture of Hand Placement in the Hebrew Bible and in Hittite Literature, „Journal of the American Oriental Society”, 106 (1986), nr 3, s. 433–446.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Theology and Man
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
CC BY ND 4.0. The Creator/Contributor is the Licensor, who grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work on the fields indicated in the License Agreement.
- The Licensor grants the Licensee a non-exclusive license to use the Work/related rights item specified in § 1 within the following fields: a) recording of Work/related rights item; b) reproduction (multiplication) of Work/related rights item in print and digital technology (e-book, audiobook); c) placing the copies of the multiplied Work/related rights item on the market; d) entering the Work/related rights item to computer memory; e) distribution of the work in electronic version in the open access form on the basis of Creative Commons license (CC BY-ND 3.0) via the digital platform of the Nicolaus Copernicus University Press and file repository of the Nicolaus Copernicus University.
- Usage of the recorded Work by the Licensee within the above fields is not restricted by time, numbers or territory.
- The Licensor grants the license for the Work/related rights item to the Licensee free of charge and for an unspecified period of time.
FULL TEXT License Agreement
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 4791
Number of citations: 0