Nursing Care in Sodium Imbalance Commonly Encountered in Neurosurgery Patients
Keywords
Syndrome of ınappropriate antidiuretic hormone, diabetes insipidus, nursing care, neurosurgery, sodium imbalanceAbstract
Hormones released from pituitary, hypothalamus and endocrine system are affected in various neurological conditions including traumatic brain injuries, cranial surgeries, and brain tumors can impair the fluid and electrolyte balance of the body. The most frequent sodium imbalance types are the syndromes of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) causing hyponatremia and diabetes insipidus (DI) causing hypernatremia. Hyponatremia related to SIADH and hypernatremia related to DI can cause deterioration of the general medical statuses of the patients and even death through the cerebral edema or cerebral infarcts or low blood pressure related to systemic volume loss and therefore reduce cerebral perfusion pressure, respectively. In this review, the nursing interventions are summarized that could guide the nurses for the early diagnosis and follow-up of the sodium imbalances which are frequently seen in patients staying in neurosurgery clinics. (PNN 2013;2(1):37-42)
References
Barker E. Central Nervous System Metabolic Disorders: Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone and Diabetes Insipidus. In: Barker E. (Ed.), Neuroscience Nursing, A Spectrum Of Care. Third Edition. Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis 2008;167-180.
Lohani S., Devkota U.P. Hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain ınjury: etiology, ıncidence, and severity correlation. World Neurosurgery. 20011;76(3/4):355-360.
Murphy-Human T., Diringer M.N. Sodium disturbances commonly encountered in the neurologic ıntensive care unit. Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 2010;23(5):470-482.
Brimioulle S., Orellana-Jimenez C., Aminian A., Vincent J. Hyponatremia in neurological patients: cerebral salt wasting versus inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Intensive Care Medicine. 2008;34(1):125-131.
Moro N., Katayama Y., Igarashi T., Mori T., Kawamata T., Kojima J. Hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain injury: incidence, mechanism, and response to sodium supplementation or retention therapy with hydrocortisone. Surgical Neurology. 2007;68(4):387-393.
Sherlock M., O’Sullivan E., Agha A., Behan L.A., Rawluk D., Brennan P., Tormey W., Thompson C.J. The incidence and pathophysiology of hyponatraemia after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Clinical Endocrinology. 2006;64(3):250-254.
Tisdall M., Crocker M., Watkiss J., Smith M. Disturbances of Sodium in Critically Ill Adult Neurologic Patients. A Clinical Review. Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology. 2006;18:57-63.
Agha A., Thornton E., O’Kelly P., Tormey W., Phillips J., Thompson C.J. Posterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2004;89(12):5987-5992.
Aboud S.K., Yunus M.R.M., Gendeh B.S. Diabetes ınsipidus and syndrome of ınappropriate antidiuretic hormone complicating pituitary surgery. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2011;144(6):1005-1006.
Sudhakar N., Ray A., Vafidis J.A. Complications After Trans-sphenoidal Surgery: Our Experience and a Review of the Literature. British Journal of Neurosurgery. 2004;18(5):507-12.
Holcomb S.S. Diabetes insipidus. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2002;21(3):94-97.
Wong M.F., Chin N.M., Lew T.W. Diabetes insipidus in neurosurgical patients. Annals Academy of Medice Singapore. 1998;27(3):340-343.
Hickey J.V. Fluid and Metabolic Disorders in Neuroscience Patients. In: Hickey J.V. (Ed.), The Clinical Practice of Neurological & Neurosurgical Nursing. Sixth Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2009;195-205.
Haskal R. Current issues for nurse practitioners: Hyponatremia. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 2007;19(11):563-579.
Silav G., Uğur H.Ç., Tun K., Attar A., Egemen N. Kafa Travmalarının Sistemik Etkileri. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2000;53(4):293-297.
Bederson J.B., Connolly E.S., Batjer H.H., Dacey R.G., Dion J.E., Diringer M.N., Duldner J.E., Harbaugh R.E., Patel A.B., Rosenwasser R.H. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke. 2009;40(3):994-1025.
Maitra A. Endokrin Sistem. In: Kumar V., Abbas A.K., Fausto N., Mitchell R.N. (Eds), Çevikbaş U., Güllüoğlu M., Mete Ö. (Çev. Edit.), Robbins Temel Patoloji (Basic Pathology). 8. Basım, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Ltd. Şti., İstanbul 2008;751-757.
Peri A., Combe C. Considerations regarding the management of hyponatraemia secondary to SIADH. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2012;26(Suppl.1):S16–S26.
Erkal S. Kafa Travmaları. İçinde: Egemen N., Arslantaş A. (Eds), Nörolojik Bilimler Hemşireliği. Alter Yayıncılık, Ankara 2006;221-235.
Simmons S. Flushing out the truth about diabetes insipidus. Nursing. 2010;40(1):55-59.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 82
Number of citations: 0