Jakość życia osób po urazie rdzenia kręgowego

Abstract

Introduction. Each year approximately 250–500 people experience spinal cord injury, most often as a result of a fall from a height or a road accident. The injured are mostly young men. The quality of life is an increasingly popular topic, which in terms of medicine is conditioned by the state of health. Research on the quality of life of people with spinal cord injury provides valuable information on the needs of people with disabilities.
Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the quality of life of people after spinal cord injury.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted among 30 adults after spinal cord injury from various areas of Poland. The examined group of disabled persons consisted of women and men of various ages and with each level of spinal cord injury. A survey was also conducted among 53 people who were physically fit, matched in terms of gender, age and education. The research tool applied for both groups was the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (The World Health Organization, a shortened version of the quality of life survey), distinguishing four areas of the quality of life: somatic, psychological, social and environmental. The analysis of the results was based on: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, distribution normality study with the Shapiro–Wilk test. In order to compare particular variables, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was calculated. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to assess the significance of differences between the independent groups.
Results. The arithmetic mean of the quality of life result in patients after spinal cord injury was 3.83±0.79, and in the control group 4.00±0.65. The average health assessment in both groups was also slightly different: in patients with spinal cord injury it was 3.4±1.1, and in those with mobility problems respectively 3.7±0.9. The average score obtained by people with spinal cord injury in the somatic field was lower than in those who were physically fit. Also, respondents with spinal cord injuries are less satisfied with the means of transport, health care centres or living conditions, compared to those in the control group.
Conclusions. Summing up the results of the study, it can be said that people with spinal cord injury have a slightly lower overall subjective quality of life than those who are physically fit. Worse quality of life of people after spinal cord injury occurs particularly in the somatic and environmental fields. (JNNN 2018;7(2):64–69)