Self-Esteem of Employees in Educational Institutions and Their Professional Work
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/PCh.2015.015Keywords
self, self-esteem, components of self-esteem, education, professional activityAbstract
Self-esteem plays an important role in every activity associated with interpersonal interaction. It is one of the most important components of the personalities of employees working in helping professions include educational and pedagogical activities. The self-esteem of the educator is a significant starting point that builds relationship teaching or assistance. Formation of self-esteem is the recognition and acceptance of an individual human personality. Self-esteem is one of many structures of “Self” that is analysed by psychology and pedagogy as well. Self and self-esteem have been defined variously by different researchers. Scientists, depending on psychological trend have created many characteristics of those two structures. Their creation and specific functions have been analysed and described. In this article, the authors attempt to show the importance of self-esteem as an evaluative component of the Self structure. The text provides a specific overview of theories and researches made by Polish and international scientists and researchers. Collected data is focused on theoretical issues related to self and self-evaluating. Also, the specific indicators of self-esteem such as its level and fluctuations, stability and clarity of a self-concept are described in the educational context of relationship. All of the mentioned elements affect the activities, intra- and interpersonal relationships of employees working in helping professions.References
Bargh, John A., Wendy J. Lombardi, Thory Higgins. „Automaticity of chronically accessible constructs in person x situation effect on person perception: It’s just a matter of time”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4 (1988): 599-605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.599
Baumeister, Roy F. „Ego Depletion and the Self's Executive Function”. W: Psychological perspectives on Self and Identity, red. Abraham Tesser, Richard B. Felson, Jerry M. Suls, 9-33. Washington: APA, 2004.
Baumeister, Roy F. i in. „Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles?”, American Psychological Society 1 (2003): 1-44. http://people.uncw.edu/kozloffm/selfesteembaumeister.pdf
Baumeister, Roy F., Kathleen D. Vohs, Dianne M. Tice. „The Strength Model of Self-Control”. Current Directions in Psychological Science 6 (2007): 351-355. http://www-personal.umich.edu/~prestos/Consumption/pdfs/BaumeisterVohsTice2007.pdf
Baumgardner, Ann H. „To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 6 (1990): 1062-1072.
Benabou, Ronald, Jean Tirole. „Self–Confidence and Personal Motivation”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 3 (2002): 871-915.
Bonanno, George A. i in. ,,Self-Enhancement as a Buffer Against Extreme Adversity: Civil War in Bosnia and Traumatic Loss in the United States”, Personality and Social Psychology 88 (2002): 894-898. doi: 10.1177/0146167202282005
Campbell, John D. „Self-esteem and clarity of the self-concept”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3 (1999): 538-549.
Crocker, Jennifer, Lora E. Park. „Seeking self-esteem: Construction, maintenance, and protection of self-worth”. Psychological Review 3 (2001): 593-623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.593
De Longis, Anita, Susan Folkman, Richard S. Lazarus. „The impact of daily stress on health and mood: Psychological and social resources as mediators”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3 (1988):486-495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.3.486
Fecenec, Diana. Wielowymiarowy Kwestionariusz Samooceny MSEI. Polska adaptacja. Podręcznik. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, 2008.
Fila-Jankowska, Aleksandra. Samoocena autentyczna. Co ukrywamy sami przed sobą. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SWPS Academica, 2009.
Gałdowa, Anna. „Psychologia analityczna C. G. Junga”. W: Klasyczne i współczesne koncepcje osobowości, red. Anna Gałdowa, 57-86. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 1999.
Greenberg, Jeff, Sheldon Solomon, Thomas Pyszczynski. „Why do people need self-esteem? Converging evidence that self-esteem serves an anxiety-buffering function”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 6 (1992): 913-922.
Greenwald, Anthony G., A.R. Pratkanis. „«Ja» jako centralny schemat postaw”. Nowiny Psychologiczne 2 (1988): 20-70.
Greenwald, Anthony G., Shelly D. Fanham. „Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 6 (2000): 1022-1038, doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.1022I
Hall, Calvin S., Gardner Lindzey, John B. Campbell. Teorie osobowości. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2004.
Kernis, Michael H. „Measuring self-esteem in context: The importance of stability of self-esteem in psychological functioning”, Journal of Personality 73 (2005): 1569-1605. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00359.x
Kernis, Michael H. „Toward a conceptualization of optima self-esteem”. Psychological Inquiry 1 (2003): 1-26. http://academic.udayton.edu/jackbauer/Readings%20595/Kernis%2003%20opt%20s-esteem%20authenticity.pdf, 3.03. 2012
Kernis, Michael H. i in. „There’s more to self-esteem that weather is it high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 6 (1993): 1190-204.
Kuiper, Nicholas A. „Convergent Evidence for the Self as a Prototype: The ‘Inverted-U RT Effect’ for Self and Other Judgments”. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 3 (1981): 438-443. doi: 10.1177/014616728173012
Leary, Mark R. „Sociometer theory and the pursuit of relational value: Getting to the root of self-esteem”. European Review of Social Psychology 16 (2005): 75-111.
Marsh, Herbert W. „Relations between global and specific domains of self: The importance of individual importance, certainty, and ideas”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 5 (1993): 975-992.
McFarlin, Dean B., Jim Bloscovich. „Effects of self-esteem and performance feedback on future affective preferences and cognitive expectations”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3 (1981): 521-531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.40.3.521
Neiss, Michelle , Constantine Sedikides, Jim Stevenson. „Self-esteem: A behavioral genetic perspective”. European Journal of Personality 16 (2002): 351-367. http://www.southampton.ac.uk/~crsi/Neiss.Sedikides.Stevenson.2002.EJP.pdf
Neiss, Michelle, Constantine Sedikides, Jim Stevenson. „Genetic influences on level and stability of self-esteem”. Self and Identity 5 (2006): 247-266. http://persweb.wabash.edu/facstaff/hortonr/articles%20for%20class/sedikides%20genes%20and%20self%20esteem.pdf
Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan, Blair E. Wisco, Sonja Lyubomirsky. „Rethinking rumination”. Perspectives on Psychological Science 3 (2008): 400-442.
Niebrzydowski, Leon. O poznawaniu i ocenie samego siebie: na przykładzie młodzieży dorastającej. Warszawa: Nasza Księgarnia, 1967.
Pyszczyński, Thomas i in.. „Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review”. Psychological Bulletin, 3(2004): 435-468. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.435
Reykowski, Janusz. „Obraz własnej osoby jako mechanizm regulujący postępowanie”. Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny 3 (1970): 45-58.
Robins, Richard W., Kali H. Trzesniewski, Jessica L. Tracy. „Global self-esteem cross life span”. Psychology and Aging 3 (2002): 423-434. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.17.3.423
Robins, Richard W., Kali H. Trzesniewski. „Self-esteem developmental cross the lifespan”. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3 (2005): 158-162. http://www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/dmessinger/c_c/rsrcs/rdgs/emot/robins_trz.selfesteemdevel_curidr2005.pdf
Roese, Neal J., James M. Olson. „Self-esteem and counterfactual thinking”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65 (1993): 199-206.
Schmitt, David P., Juri Alik. „Simultaneous Administration of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 Nations: Exploring the Universal and Culture - Specific Features of Global Self-Esteem”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4 (2005): 623-642.
Silvia, Paul J. „Self-awareness and emotional intensity”. Cognition and Emotion 16 (2002): 195-216. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/P_Silvia_Self_2002.pdf
Story, Ann L. „Self-esteem and self-certainty: A mediational analysis”. European Journal of Personality 18 (2004): 115-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.502
Strelau, Jan, Dariusz Doliński. Psychologia. Podręcznik Akademicki, t. 2. Gdańsk. Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, 2008.
Tangney, June P., Roy F. Baumeister, Angie L. Borne. „High Self-Control Predicts Good Adjustment, Less Pathology, Better Grades, and Interpersonal Success”. Journal of Personality 2 (2004): 271-324. http://lazypants.org/dl/files/public/TangneyBaumeisterBoone2004.pdf
Wojciszke, Bogdan. „Pogranicze Psychologii osobowości i społecznej: samoocena jako cecha i motyw”. W: Osobowość a procesy psychiczne i zachowanie, red. Bogdan Wojciszke, Mieczysław Plopa, Kraków: Oficyna Wydawnicza Impuls, 2003, s. 15-47.
Wojciszke, Bogdan. Człowiek wśród ludzi, Zarys psychologii społecznej. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe „Scholar”, 2002.
Zhang, Liwei. „Prediction of Chinese life satisfaction: Contribution of collective self- esteem”. International Journal of Psychology 3 (2005): 189-200.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 629
Number of citations: 0