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Scientia et Fides

Fundamental Physics and Middle-Sized Dry Goods
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Fundamental Physics and Middle-Sized Dry Goods

Authors

  • Hans Halvorson Princeton University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3022-2344

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/SetF.2025.015

Keywords

reductionism, physicalism, emergence, microphysics, quantum mechanics

Abstract

I consider the debate between those who believe in microphysical reductionism, and those who believe in the irreducibility of macroscopic objects. I consider, in particular, recent arguments that physics itself refutes the hypothesis of reductionism – from, among others, George Ellis and Barbara Drossel. I raise some questions about the effectiveness of these arguments, and I suggest that this debate is based on an unclear, but emotionally fraught, understanding of what “reduction” means.

References

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Austin, John Langshaw. 1962. Sense and Sensibilia. Oxford: Clarendon Press Oxford.

Bealer, George. 1978. “An inconsistency in functionalism.” Synthese 38 (3): 333–72.

Chalmers, David J., and Kelvin J. McQueen. 2022. “Consciousness and the collapse of the wavefunction.” In Consciousness and Quantum Mechanics, edited by Shan Gao, 11–63. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Drossel, Barbara, and George Ellis. 2018. “Contextual wavefunction collapse: an integrated theory of quantum measurement.” New Journal of Physics 20 (11): 113025.

Drossel, Barbara. 2017. “Ten reasons why a thermalized system cannot be described by a many-particle wave function.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 58: 12–21.

Fine, Kit. 2005. “Tense and reality.” In Modality and Tense: Philosophical Papers, 261–320. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199278709.003.0009.

Garber, Daniel. 1992. Descartes’ Metaphysical Physics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Glick, David. 2021. “QBism and the limits of scientific realism.” European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11 (2): 53. Halvorson, Hans. 2011. “The measure of all things: Quantum mechanics and the soul.” In: The soul hypothesis: Investigations into the existence of the soul, edited by Mark C. Baker, Stewart Goetz, 138–63. New York: Continuum Press.

Hill, Benjamin, Henrik Lagerlund, and Stathis Psillos. 2021. Reconsidering Causal Powers: Historical and Conceptual Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Koons, Robert. 2014. “Staunch vs. faint-hearted hylomorphism: Toward an Aristotelian account of composition.” Res Philosophica 91 (2): 151–77.

Koons, Robert. 2024. “Contextual emergence, traveling forms, and cosmic substances: Evaluating the options for quantum hylomorphism.” Unpublished manuscript. McDonough, Jeffrey K. 2009. “Leibniz on natural teleology and the laws of optics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 78 (3): 505–44.

Pruss, Alexander R (2018). “A traveling forms interpretation of quantum mechanics.” In Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Contemporary Science edited by William Simpson, Robert Koons, and Nicholas Teh, 105–122. London: Routledge.

Simpson, William M. R. 2021. “Cosmic hylomorphism: A powerist ontology of quantum mechanics.” European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11 (1): 1–25.

Simpson, William M. R. 2022. “From quantum physics to classical metaphysics.” In Neo-Aristotelian Metaphysics and the Theology of Nature, edited by William Simpson, Koons Robert, & James Orr, 21–65. New York: Taylor & Francis.

Simpson, William M. R. 2023. Hylomorphism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Solomon, Monica. 2022. “Berkeley and Newton.” The Oxford Hand-book of Berkeley, edited by Samuel C. Rickless, 482–502. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190873417.013.27.

Wallace, David. 2012. The emergent multiverse: Quantum theory according to the Everett interpretation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Williams, Neil E. 2019. The Powers Metaphysic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Scientia et Fides

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Published

2025-10-31

How to Cite

1.
HALVORSON, Hans. Fundamental Physics and Middle-Sized Dry Goods. Scientia et Fides. Online. 31 October 2025. Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 25-47. [Accessed 28 December 2025]. DOI 10.12775/SetF.2025.015.
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Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Why Middle-Sized Matters to Science and Religion

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Articles: Why Middle-Sized Matters to Science and Religion

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