Zwłaszcza, szczególnie, w szczególności – próby eksplikacyjne

Abstrakt

 The article is concerned with three particles: zwłaszcza ‘especially’, szczególnie ‘particularly’, and w szczególności ‘in particular’, and its aim is to support the earlier claims about these units, namely 1) zwłaszcza, szczególnie and w szczególności are contextual particles, i.e. they require a directly preceding text having its own thematic-rhematic structure (TRS₁), which is somehow connected with elements of TRS₂ introduced by the language units; generally speaking, the connection consists in conforming the two subordinate structures into one TRS in the frame of the superordinate theme, 2) TRS₂ specifies TRS₁, 3) TRS₁ being an inalienable and necessary context of these language units’ usage has to be present in their explications, 4) zwłaszcza is semantically simpler than szczególnie and w szczególności, the latter imposes strong restrictions on its usage resulting from the most specified meaning amongst the examined particles. As a result of more detailed considerations on the semantic properties of the discussed particles, the appropriate explication formulas are presented.