Effect of dietary fats on endogenous oleic acid biosynthesis in rat liver
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.02.028Keywords
fat nutrition, liver, fatty acids, palmitic acid, elongase, stearic acid desaturase, ω-3 PUFAAbstract
Aim: Determine the effect of dietary fats with different fatty acid composition on the biosynthesis of oleic acid and its metabolic precursors in the liver .
Methods: High linoleic sunflower oil (HLSO), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and palm oil (PO) were used. Rats were fed a semi-synthetic fat-free diet (FFD) and fat diets containing 5 % of the above oils (instead of starch) for 30 days. Liver lipids were divided into 3 fractions: neutral lipids (NL), phospholipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA). The fatty acid composition of the fractions was determined by gas chromatography. The “activity” of fatty acid synthase was determined from the total content of the products of this reaction (C16:0 and C16:1). The “activity” of palmitic acid elongase was determined by the ratio С18:0/С16:0, as well as by the formula (С18:0+С18:1)/(С16:0–С16:1). The “activity” of stearic acid desaturase (SCD1) was determined by the ratio C16:1/C16:0 (SCD16) and by the ratio C18:1/C18:0 (SCD18).
Results: In rats treated with fat diets, the content of palmitic and oleic acids is reduced only in the NL fraction, and to the greatest extent when consuming the diet with HLSO. The “activity” of palmitic acid elongase increases significantly with the consumption of a diet with HLSO. SCD16 desaturase “activity” decreases with fat diet, while SCD18 desaturase “activity” increases. The level of SCD18 is significantly higher than the level of SCD16. Consumption of HLSO reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA in rat liver lipids, while the intake of HOSO increases it.
Conclusions: HLSO diet reduces the endogenous biosynthesis of oleic and palmitic acids, as determined by the analysis of the rat liver NL fraction. A fat diet reduces SCD16 “activity” but increases SCD18 “activity”, especially when fed a diet with HOSO. The diet with HLSO reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA in liver lipids.
References
Levitsky, A.P., Potapova, I.L. Fatty food, fatty acids, Healthy sunflower olive. Intern. Journ. Food a Nutrition. Sciences. 2015;4(3):15-20.
Titov, V.N. The biological function of nutrition, biological reaction of exotrophy, depositing and endotrophy. The visceral fatty cells and adipocytes - phylogenetically, functionally and regulatory different pools of fatty tissue. Clinical laboratory diagnosis. 2015;8:14-23. (in Russian)
Sazhina, N.N., Evteeva, N.M., Titov, V.N. Rate constants of reactions of interaction of ozone with palmitic, oleic and other fatty acids. The role of ozonolysis in fatty acid metabolism. Clinical laboratory diagnosis. 2018;63(8):460-465. (in Russian)
González-Becerra, K., Ramos-Lopez, O., Barrón-Cabrera, E., Riezu-Boj, J.I., Milagro, F.I., Martínez-López, E., Martínez, J.A. Fatty acids, epigenetic mechanisms and chronic diseases: a systematic review. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2019;18:178. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1120-6
Titov, V.N. Mitochondrial function, carnitine, coenzyme A, fatty acids, glucose, the Rendle cycle, and insulin (lecture). Clinical laboratory diagnosis. 2012;2:32-42. (in Russian)
Tvrzická, E., Žák, A., Vecka, M., Staňková, B. Fatty acids in human metabolism. Physiology and maintenance. 2009;II:274-302.
Titov, V.N. Stearyl-coenzyme A-desaturase isozymes and the action of insulin in the light of the phylogenetic theory of pathology. Oleic fatty acid in the implementation of biological functions of trophology and locomotion. Clinical laboratory diagnosis. 2013;11:16-28. (In Russian)
Svendsen, K., Olsen, T., Nordstrand Rusvik, T.C., Ulven, S.M., Holven, K.B., Retterstøl, K., Telle-Hansen, V.H. Fatty acid profile and estimated desaturase activities in whole blood are associated with metabolic health. Lipids in Health and Disease 2020;19:102. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01282-y
Titov, V.N., Lisitsyn, D.M. Esterification of fatty acids by alcohols and the functional role of polar and nonpolar lipids in the bloodstream. Double bonds of fatty acids lipids in lipoproteins. Clinical laboratory diagnosis. 2003;1:4-10. (In Russian)
Levitsky, A.P. Disbiotic syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis, clinic, prevention and treatment. Dentistry Bulletin. 2019; 10(special issue): 14-20. (in Russian)
Levitsky, A.P., Egorov, B.V., Lapinskaya, A.P., Selivanskaya, I.A. Inadequate fat diet. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(7):248-255. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.07.029
Levitsky, A.P. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the formation of the structure and functions of biomembranes. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(6):101-107. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.06.011
Plourde, M., Cunnane, S.C. Extremely limited synthesis of long chain polyunsaturates in adults: implications for their dietary essentiality and use as supplements. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2007;32(4):619-634. https://doi.org/10.1139/H07-034
Levitsky, A.P., Makarenko, O.A., Demyanenko, S.A. Methods of experimental dentistry (teaching aid). Simferopol, Tarpan, 2018:78 р. (in Russian)
Keyts, M. Metods of lipidology. Recciving, analise and identification of lipids. М., Mir, 1975:334 р. (in Russian)
Khodakov, I.V., Tkachuk, V.V., Velichko, V.I., Levitsky, A.P. The fatty acids composition of liver lipids of rats which received the palm oil and lincomycin. Marine Medicine Bulletin. 2017;1(74):145-152. (in Russian)
Khodakov, I.V. Methods for identification and determination of the content of components of the fat mixture. Identification of falsification of fats and oils: methodological recommendations. Odessa, 2019: 92 р. (in Russian)
Levitsky A.P., Makarenko O.A., Khodakov I.V. Methods to investigate fats and oils. Odessa: KP OGT, 2015: 32 p. (in Russian)
Levitsky, A.P., Markov, A.V., Pupin, T.I., Zubachik, V.M. Normalization of the metabolism of essential fatty acids of phosolipids of the liver of rats received with palm oil on the background of disbiosis by the phytopreparation "Kvertulin". Phytotherapy. Magazine. 2021;1:35-38. (In Ukrainian)
Gozhenko A. I., Levitsky A. P., Stepan V. T., Pustovoit I. P., Badiuk N. S., Maslyukov A. K. Advantages of high olein sunflower oil over palm oil according to biochemical research results / - PhOL – PharmacologyOnLine – 2020. - Vol. 2. - P. 293-301.
Levitsky A. P., Gozhenko A. I., Velichko V. V., Selivanskaya I. A., Markov A. V., Badiuk N. S. Therapeutic and preventive effectiveness of antidisbiotic agents in rats with lipid intoxication / PharmacologyOnLine; Archives - 2021 - vol. 3 –1010-1014.
Levitsky A. P., Velichko V. V., Lapinska A. P., Labush Ju. Z., Badiuk N. S., Markov A. V. Pathological changes in the digestive system of rats received oral applications of thermoperoxide sunfloweroil / PharmacologyOnLine; Archives - 2021 - vol. 3 –244-251.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 A. Levitsky, V. Velichko, I. Selivanskaya, A. Lapinskaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 324
Number of citations: 0
