Birch extract Cortex Betulae as a source of biologically active substances
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/HERB.2019.002Abstract
For centuries birch extract has been a remedy for various skin problems. It is related to the fact that birch extract contains four or ve cycle triterpenic compounds including betulin, lupeol as well as betulinic and oleanolic acids. ese compounds have bioactive properties, thanks to which they may be applied not only in cosmetology but also in prevention and treatment of many skin diseases, including cancers. As medical research shows, triterpenes trigger the apoptosis process of cancerous cells and at the same time they toxically aect healthy cells. e mechanism of triterpene antioxidant properties is based on activating the enzyme system of an organism responsible for neutralisation of free radicals. anks to its antibacterial and antifungal properties, birch bark extract can be used in products protecting skin against microorganisms. Its bioactive substances regulate functions of the immune system, improve the immune response and stimulate self-healing properties of the body. Birch extract also reduces the risk of skin inammations. Chemical composition of dry birch bark extract is dependent on the conditions of extraction, particularly its time and type of solvent. In the extraction process alcohols or other organic solvents are mostly used due to the strong lipophilic nature of triterpenes. e content of triterpenic compounds in dry birch bark extract accounts for 70%, which makes this plant raw material an extremely rich source of substances belonging to this group.
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