Neoplatońskie poszukiwania zgodności między Platonem a Arystotelesem Jan Filopon i problemy z Arystotelesowską definicją duszy ("In De anima", 203,4–230,25)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.010Keywords
John Philoponus, Aristotle, immortality of the soul, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Themistius, soul, act, energy, homonym, definition of the soul, neoplatonismAbstract
Fragment of the Commentary on Aristotle’s ‘On the Soul’ written by John Philoponus, which is analysed in this paper, is an example of neoplatonic method of establishing the agreement between Plato and Aristotle. Philoponus in his looking for this agreement is inspired by peripatetic tradition and tries to show many different aspects of Aristotle’s doctrine. He is deeply influenced by peripatetic tradition, using solutions and interpretations found in works of Alexander of Aphrodisias and Themistius, and trying to answer their questions on how it is possible that definition given by Aristotle (the soul is the first act of a natural body with organs) includes all kinds of souls. John Philoponus also tries to harmonize his own reading of this particular text with the whole Aristotelian doctrine. This method seems to be in agreement with the works in which John Philoponus criticizes Aristotle’s physics from a position of a thinker who knows this theory well and is able to indicate its weakness using the same premises and notions. On the other hand, he establishes the agreement between Plato and Aristotle and interprets Aristotle’s position, so that it could be understood as expressing Plato’s thought. He achieves this by a new interpretation of notions included in the definition of the soul and showing what kind of definition it is.
References
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