Transhumanism – A Step Towards New Man

Abstract

This article discusses the subject of transhumanist philosophy. The author tries to show what vision of the world and man its creators propose. Transhumanism does not try to understand the nature of man; on the contrary, it wants to change it Transhumanists believe that we have the right to use science to interfere in the biological nature of man in order to become transhumans – beings who thanks to technological evolution, genetic engineering, cybernetics and biotechnology will have an infinitely long life, free from suffering and limitations. The precursor of this trend is Nikolai Fyodorov, who in the nineteenth century created the “philosophy of a common task”. He based it on a belief that death is immoral, it should not exist, and people should do everything they can to become immortal and resurrect all their dead ancestors, because it is their moral duty, for it is thanks to them that they live in the world; it is also in accordance with the will of God. Contemporary transhumanism derives also from the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche and his concept of “overman” and is divided into several trends: extropianism, singularitarianism, bioethic abolitionism, postgenderism, immoralism and anarcho-transhumanism. In connection with transhumanism, there are many ethical dilemmas, including the problem of individual freedom, human dignity, the right to interfere in nature, sexual ethics and issues related to the technological exclusion of the oppressed groups described in the article.