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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Bioelectrical impedance in the assessment of nutritional status
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  • Bioelectrical impedance in the assessment of nutritional status
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  3. Vol. 10 No. 5 (2020) /
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Bioelectrical impedance in the assessment of nutritional status

Authors

  • Patrycja Ręba Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.05.005

Keywords

impedance, nutritional status.

Abstract

Introduction

Bioelectrical impedance analysis is based on the difference in electric conduction in the water and fat environment. Adipose tissue and extracellular water are devoid of capacitive resistance (reactance), whereas they show passive electrical resistance (resistance). The current frequencies used in the bioelectrical impedance test do not affect nerve or heart muscle irritation. The current is completely safe and practically imperceptible to the patient.

 

Aim

 The purpose of the work is to analyze bioelectrical impedance in assessing nutritional status.

Material and method

 Review of available literature on the subject.

Results

Impedance is a category of electrical resistance consisting of two elements: resistance (passive electrical resistance) and reactance (capacitive, active electrical resistance). Resistance refers to the specific resistance of individual tissues. It is proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the total water content in the body. Reactance is associated with the electrical capacity of cell membranes that act as capacitors.

The phase angle is a parameter that illustrates the circulation of water between the intracellular and extracellular space. Provides information on cell membrane integrity, cell health and total body mobility.

 BCM changes are typical for some chronic diseases, such as AIDS or cancer.

 Subjective global nutrition assessment (SGA) is the gold standard for determining nutritional status.

Conclusions

The phase angle value allows you to track the nutrition of the body as well as monitor recovery and physical fitness. Keeping BCM at the right level has a positive effect on your health. Maintaining BCM is a major goal in all types of nutrition therapies. FFMI allows observation of the effects of treatment, disease or aging patients.

References

Jaroszyk F. Biophysicist. Student handbook. PZWL Medical Publisher, Warsaw 2006.

Lewitt A., Mądro E., Krupienicz A. Theoretical foundations of impedance application

bioelectrical. Endocrinol. Obesity. 2007, 3 (4): 79 - 84.

Małecka-Massalska T. Evaluation of selected parameters of impedance analysis bioelectric in patients with head and neck cancer. Publishing house Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 2012: 23 - 92.

Selberg O., Selberg D. Norms and correlates of bioimpedance phase angle in healthy human subjects, hospitalized patients, and patients with liver cirrhosis. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2002, 86: 509-516.

Colin-Ramirez E., Castillo-Martinem L., Orea-Tejeda A., Asensio E., Torres F., Rebollar-Gonzalez V., Narvaez-David R., Dorantes-Garcia J. Body composition and echocardiographic abnormalities associated to anemia and volume overload in heart failure patients. Clin. Nutr. 2006, 25: 746 - 57.

Castillo-Martinez L., Colin-Ramirez E., Orea-Tejeda A., Asensio E., Bernal-Rosales LP, Rebollar-Gonzalez V., Narvaez-David R., Dorantes-Garcia J. Bioelectrical impedance and strength measurements in patients with heart failure: comparison with functional class. Nutrition 2007, 23: 412 - 8.

Silva-Tinoco R., Castillo-Martinez L., Orea-Tejeda A., Orozco-Gutierrez JJ, Vazquez-Diaz O., Montano-Hernandez P., Flores-Rebollar A., ​​Reza - Albarran A. Developing thyroid disorders is associated with poor prognosis factors in patient with stable chronic heart failure. Int. J. Cardiol. 2011, 147: e24 - 5.

Brenta G., Thierer J., Sutton M., Acosta A., Vainstein N., Brites F., Boero L., Gomez-Rosso L., Anker S. Low plasma triiodothyronine levels in heart failure are associated with a reduced anabolic state and membrane damage. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2011, 164: 937-42.

Kyle UG, Bosaeus I., De Lorenzo AD, Deurenberg P., Elia M., Gomez JM, Lilienthal-Heitmann B., Kent-Smith L., Melchior JC, Pilich M., Scharfetter H., Schols AM, Pichard C. Composition of the ESPEN Working Group. Bioelectrical Impedance analysis - part I: review of principles and methods, Clinical Nutrition 2004 Oct; 23 (5): 1226-43.

Barbosa-Silva MC, Barros AJ, Post CL, Waitzberg DL, Hevmsfield SB. Can bioelectrical impedance analysis identify malnutrition in preoperative nutrition assessment? Nutrition 2003, 19: 422 - 426.

VanItallie TB, Yang MU, Heymsfield SB, Funk RC, Boileau RA. Height - normalized indices of the body's fat-free mass and fat mass potentially useful indicators of nutritional status. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990, 52: 953 - 959.

Kyle UG, Schulz Y., Dupertuis YM, Pichard C. Body composition interpretation. Contributions of the fat-free mass index and the body fat mass index. Nutrition 2003 Jul-Aug; 19 (7-8): 597 - 604.

Castillo-Martinem L., Colin-Ramirez E., Orea-Tejeda A., Asensio E., Bernal-Rosales LP, Rebollar-Gonzalez V., Narvaez-David R., Dorantes-Garcia J. Applied nutritional investigation. Bioelectrical impedance and strength measurements in patients with heart failure: comparison with functional class. Nutrition 2007 Oct; 23: 412-418.

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Published

2020-05-10

How to Cite

1.
RĘBA, Patrycja. Bioelectrical impedance in the assessment of nutritional status. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 10 May 2020. Vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 63-68. [Accessed 6 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.05.005.
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Vol. 10 No. 5 (2020)

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Review Articles

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