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Folia Toruniensia

The Karaite communities: harnessing the multi-lingual linguistic strategies for nationalism
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  • The Karaite communities: harnessing the multi-lingual linguistic strategies for nationalism
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The Karaite communities: harnessing the multi-lingual linguistic strategies for nationalism

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  • Dovilė Troskovaitė Vilnius university. Faculty of History https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-1913

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/FT.2020.004

Klíčová slova

Karaites, Poland, language planning, Seraja Szapszał, Turkic language, Turkey

Abstrakt

The Karaites communities of former Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the beginning of the 20th century started a discussion in their communal press on which language they should adopt as their communal or national language. This view remained important during the first half of 20th century. It was considered as a tool for social and cultural consolidation of the communities and as an important aspect of their social image in the eyes of Polish society. Karaite leaders tried several different strategies for establishment of national language, starting from traditional bilingualism (Hebrew – Turkic) to different combinations of Russian – Hebrew, Polish – Turkic and etc. These initiatives grew stronger after the World War 1, when ethnic nationalism was arising both in Karaite communities and in dominating Polish society. The analysis of these language strategies was done using a model language planning elaborated by Geoffrey Haig in Kurdish language in modern Turkey, under the politics of Kemal Ataturk (Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, 1881–1938). The article has highlighted these strategies, analyzed argumentation, and presented linguistic reforms implemented in the Karaite communities in the first half of the 20th century. It was argued that the social image of Karaites in the dominating society played an important role in decision making by Karaite leaders. It was also understood that language was not only an important aspect of Karaite cultural identity but also a tool for integration into dominating society.

Biografie autora

Dovilė Troskovaitė, Vilnius university. Faculty of History

Dr. Dovilė Troskovaitė is an assistant professor at Vilnius University, Faculty of History. Her field of research focuses mainly (but is not limited to) on the history of East European Karaites, their relations with Rabbinite Jews and the dominating society through though 18th–20th centuries. She is an author of the dissertation “Formation of Polish and Lithuanian Karaite identity in the 19th–20th centuries: between separation and adaptation” (2014) and a range of articles, conference presentations on the topic. In the recent years she was a member of several international projects, implementing research on Jewish history, Identity (trans) formations, and heritage of non-Christian communities in Eastern Europe.

Reference

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Haig, Geoffrey. 2005. „The Invisibilisation of Kurdish: the other side of language planning in Turkey.“ In Die Kurden: Studien zu ihrer Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur, ed. S. Conermann, G. Haig, 121-150. Schenefeld: EB-Verlag.

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Troskovaitė, Dovilė. 2014. „Lenkijos ir Lietuvos karaimų savivokos formavimas XIX a. vid. – XX a. pirmoje pusėje: tarp atsiskyrimo ir prisitaikymo.“ PhD thiss., Klaipėda university.

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Folia Toruniensia

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Publikováno

2020-12-14

Jak citovat

Troskovaitė, D. (2020). The Karaite communities: harnessing the multi-lingual linguistic strategies for nationalism. Folia Toruniensia, 20, 73–89. https://doi.org/10.12775/FT.2020.004
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