Analiza praw i obowiązków podmiotów uczestniczących w postępowaniu o nakazanie powrotu dziecka w ramach Konwencji haskiej o cywilnych aspektach uprowadzenia dziecka za granicę

Abstract

The 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction establishes legal mechanisms aimed at the swift restoration of the child's status quo in cases of unlawful abduction or retention. The purpose of this article is to analyze the rights and obligations of the parties involved in return proceedings. The article presents both the rights of the parent (guardian) requesting the child's return and the arguments of the parent (guardian) opposing such an order. It also examines the role of Central Authorities, national courts, and other entities participating in the proceedings. Particular attention is given to practical challenges related to the enforcement of decisions, the duration of proceedings, and differences in the interpretation of the Convention’s provisions among signatory states. The article concludes with recommendations for improving the effectiveness of return proceedings and suggestions for judicial and legislative practice.