Pomoc publiczna jako skuteczne narzędzie rozwoju sektora kolejowego w państwach członkowskich UE
Pomoc publiczna
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2022.006Słowa kluczowe
public service obligation, railways, state aid, efficiencyAbstrakt
Transport kolejowy ma kluczowe znaczenie dla funkcjonowania zrównoważonego i wydajnego systemu transportowego. Polityka UE identyfikująca istotną rolę kolei przekłada się na silne wsparcie finansowe przeznaczone dla sektora transportu zarówno w postaci finansowania usług, jak i inwestycji infrastrukturalnych. W przeprowadzonym badaniu wpływ wsparcia publicznego na transport kolejowy analizowano w odniesieniu do kilku wskaźników opisujących kondycję tego sektora. Analiza obejmowała ocenę wpływu pomocy publicznej udzielanej na podstawie PSO – Obowiązek świadczenia usługi publicznej oraz wsparcia inwestycji infrastrukturalnych. Wyniki pokazują dużą zmienność wyników w różnych krajach. Kraje, które silniej wspierają inwestycje infrastrukturalne charakteryzują się z reguły lepszymi wynikami. W opinii Autorów wzmocnienie wsparcia inwestycji infrastrukturalnych kosztem wsparcia udzielanego w ramach PSO powinno być drogą do redefinicji polityki finansowania kolei.
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2022 Marta Postuła, Stefan Jarecki , Krzysztof Jaworski
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