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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Assessment of women's knowledge about cytology as a prophylactic method in cervical cancer
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Assessment of women's knowledge about cytology as a prophylactic method in cervical cancer

Authors

  • Arkadiusz Standyło Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5154-4759
  • Aleksandra Obuchowska Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-2695
  • Justyna Wójcik Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-6784
  • Alicja Ozga Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-905X
  • Karolina Obuchowska Medical University of Lublin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.101

Keywords

cytology, Pap smear test, cervical cancer

Abstract

Introduction
Cervical cancer (CC) is currently the eight most common cancer among women and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death in women in Poland. Early, non-invasive cervical cancer may develop over the years without clinical symptoms. Also, given the fact that early forms are treatable effectively, it's important to get preventive examinations. It is especially important in the group of women at high risk of developing CC.

Purpose
The aim of the study was to analyse the opinions of 1,260 women on the cytology as a prophylactic method in cervical cancer.

Material and methods
Women's knowledge was verified with an anonymous online questionnaire. The obtained results were analysed and checked on the basis of scientific literature.

Results
The vast majority of respondents (89,6%) consider Pap smear test as a screening test for CC. According to 40.4%  of women, the first test should take place after sexual initiation. 17.7% believed that the examination should be done after the first menstruation. 55% of the respondents answered that Pap smear test should be performed every year. 38.4%  believed that the test should be performed every 3 year. 20.3% of respondents do not know when to take the first Pap smear test and 30.1% of the respondents had never performed a pap smear.

Conclusions
Most women know the importance of regular cytology, but unfortunately not all women relate this knowledge to themselves. Early, regular and continuous education of women on the prevention of cervical cancer is extremely important

References

Arbyn M, Weiderpass E, Bruni L, et al. Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. The Lancet Global Health. 2020;8(2):e191-e203.

Raporty | KRN http://onkologia.org.pl/raporty/ (Accessed September 17, 2020)

Tsikouras P, Zervoudis S, Manav B, et al. Cervical cancer: screening, diagnosis and staging. J BUON. 2016;21(2):320-325.

https://pacjent.gov.pl/ (accessed from 17.09.2020)

Program profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy (cytologia) - Ministerstwo Zdrowia - Portal Gov.pl. Ministerstwo Zdrowia. (Accessed September 17 , 2020). https://www.gov.pl/web/zdrowie/program-profilaktyki-raka-szyjki-macicy-cytologia-

Tjalma WA, Fiander A, Reich O, et al. Differences in human papillomavirus type distribution in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer in Europe. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(4):854-867. doi:10.1002/ijc.27713

Jach R, Sznurkowski JJ, Bidziński M, et al. Recommendations of the Polish Gynecological Oncology Society for the diagnosis andtreatment of cervical cancer. Curr Gynecol Oncol. 2017;15(1):24-33

Bojar I, Woźnica I, Holecki T, Diatczyk J. Dostępność badań cytologicznych oraz poziom wiedzy kobiet na temat ich znaczenia w profilaktyce chorób nowotworowych narządu rodnego [Availability of cytologic tests and level of women`s knowledge concerning their importance in the prophylaxis of cancerous disease of the reproductive organs]. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2010;16(1):77-90.

Stefanek A., Durka P. Women’s knowledge of prevention of cervical cancer. Polski Przegląd Nauk o Zdrowiu. 2014;1(38):29–38.

Pasławska A., Mrożek-Budzyn D., Majewska R. Wiedza młodych kobiet na temat znaczenia badań cytologicznych w profilaktyce raka szyjki macicy [Knowledge of young women concerning cytological screening in cervical cancer prevention]. Probl Hig Epidemiol 2014, 95(1): 170-174

Jankowska P, Kikolska M, Kwiatkowska M, Kochman D, Głowacka M. Poziom wiedzy na temat raka szyjki macicy wśród kobiet [The level of knowledge on cervical cancer among women]. IwP. 2017;2(1):22-46.

Pacewicz M., Krajewska-Kułak E., Krajewska-Ferishah K. Profilaktyka raka szyjki macicy – poziom wiedzy kobiet i mężczyzn [Prophylaxis of cervical cancer in women and men perception]. Medycyna Paliatywna 2012; 4: 217–228

Ulman-Włodarz I, Nowosielski K, Romanik M, Pozowski J, Jurek M. Swiadomość profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy wśród kobiet zgłaszajacych sie do poradni K [Awareness of cervical cancer prevention among patients of gynecological outpatient clinic]. Ginekol Pol. 2011;82(1):22-25.

Spaczyński M. et al. Diagnostyka, profilaktyka i wczesne wykrywanie raka szyjki macicy Rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Ginekologiczneg [Diagnosis, prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Recommendations of the Polish Gynecological Society]. Ginekologia po dyplomie wyd. spec. 2008: 158-162

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Published

2020-09-28

How to Cite

1.
STANDYŁO, Arkadiusz, OBUCHOWSKA, Aleksandra, WÓJCIK, Justyna, OZGA, Alicja and OBUCHOWSKA, Karolina. Assessment of women’s knowledge about cytology as a prophylactic method in cervical cancer. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 28 September 2020. Vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 835-845. [Accessed 7 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.101.
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Vol. 10 No. 9 (2020)

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Research Articles

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