A case-control study of the lipid profile of women with breast cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.02.005Keywords
breast cancer, lipid profile, TC, HDL, LDL, TGAbstract
Purpose: Neoplastic diseases remain the second most common cause of death, behind cardiovascular diseases, and breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Increased incidence of neoplastic diseases is also known to be accompanied by lipid metabolism disorders.
Method: Blood samples for lipid profile testing were taken from the two studied groups, which comprised 110 women with breast cancer and 70 healthy women. Lipid profile testing was conducted on venous blood samples collected among both groups of women on an empty stomach. Statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software package.
Results: A statistically significant (p<0.05) majority of women with breast cancer had abnormal TC results (67.3%). A statistically significant (p<0.05) majority of control group women (90.0%) had normal HDL-C results. More women with breast cancer (87.3%) had abnormal LDL-C results than healthy women (62.9%), which represented a statistically significant difference (p<0.05).
Conclussions: Abnormal lipid profile significantly impacts breast cancer incidence. At the same time it is under influence of abnormal eating habits and low physical activity. Community and oncology nurses, having considerable knowledge about health and lifestyle of their patients, should be more involved in basic education to decrease cancer risk, especially by women with alarming LDL-C level.
References
Janssens J, Vandeloo M. Rak piersi: bezpośrednie i pośrednie czynniki ryzyka związane z wiekiem i stylem życia. J Oncol; 2009. 59(3), 159-167. https://journals.viamedica.pl/nowotwory_journal_of_oncology/article/view/52244/38977
Secqinli S, Nahacivan NO. Factors associated with breast cancer screening behaviours in a sample of Turkish women: A questionnaire survey. International Journalof Nursing Studies; 2006. 43, 161-171. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.02.004
American Cancer Society. 2016. Cancer facts & figures 2016. Atlanta, GA: Retrieved from http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf
Gonzales MC, Yu P, Shiao SPK. MTHFR Gene Polymorphism-Mutations and Air Pollution as Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. A Metaprediction Study.Nursing Research; 2017. Volume 66(2):152-163 doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000206.
Wernberg JA, Yap J, Murekeyisoni C, Mashtare T, Wilding GE and Kulkarni SA. Multiple primary tumors in men with breast cancer diagnoses a SEER database review. J. Surg. Oncol; 2009. 99, 16-9. doi:10.1002/jso.21153
Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin; 2015.4. doi:10.3322/caac.21262
Kruk J. Jedzenie owoców i warzyw a ryzyko raka piersi. Współczesna Onkologia; 2006. vol.10; 5: 224-230. http://docplayer.pl/47384416-Jedzenie-owocow-i-warzyw-a-ryzyko-raka-piersi.html
Golubnitschaja O, Debald M, Yeghiazaryan K, Kuhn W, Pesta M, Costigliola V, Grech G. Breast cancer epidemic in the early twenty-first century: evaluation of risk factors, cumulative questionnaires and recommendations for preventive measures. Tumour Biol. Oct; 2016. 37(10): 12941-12957. doi:10.1007/s13277-016-5168-x
Rohariya H, Gharde P, Gharde PM. Lipid profile and its relevance in carcinoma breast. Int Surg J; 2017. 4: 2227-32. doi: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20172771
Timovska Yu, Pivnyuk V, Todor I, Anikusko N, Chekhum V. The spectrum of blood serum lipids in patients with breast cancer without metabolic syndrome. Exp Oncol; 2011. 33, 3: 190–192. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/563d/fa80cba548f14e77be45d6504ad47295706b.pdf
Kedzierska M, Olas B, Wachowicz B, Jeziorski A, Piekarski J. The lipid peroxidation in breast cancer patients. Gen Physiol Biophys; 2010. (29): 208-210.
Kim Y, Park SK, Han W, Kim DH, Hong YC, Ha EH, Ahn SH, Noh DY, Kang D, Yoo KY. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and breast cancer risk by menopausal status, body mass index, and hormonal receptor in Korea. Canc Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 2009. 18(2): 508–515. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0133
Kucharska-Newton AM, Rosamond WD, Mink PJ, Alberg AJ, Shahar E, Folsom AR. HDLcholesterol and incidence of breast cancer in the ARIC cohort study. Ann Epidemiol; 2008. 18(9): 671–677. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2008.06.006
Qadir MI, Malik SA. Plasma lipid profile in gynecologic cancers. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol; 2008. (29): 158-161.
Hasija K, Bagga HK. Alterations of serum cholesterol and serum lipoprotein in breast cancer of women. Indian J. Clin. Biochem; 2005. 20: 61–66. doi: 10.1007/BF02893044
Kim EJ, Choi MR, Park H, Kim M, Hong JE, Lee JY, Chun HS, Lee KW, Yoon PJH. Dietary fat increases solid tumor growth and metastasis of 4 T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells and mortality in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice. Breast Cancer Res; 2011. 13(4), R78. doi:10.1186/bcr2927
Qiu Y, Zhou B, Su M, Baxter S, Zheng X, Zhao X, Yen Y, Jia W. Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantitative Metabolomics Revealed a Distinct Lipid Profile in Breast Cancer Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci; 2013. 14: 8047-8061. doi:10.3390/ijms14048047
Fitzgibbons PL, Page DL, Weaver D, Thor AD, Allred DC, Clark GM, Ruby SG, O'Malley F, Simpson JF, Connolly JL, Hayes DF, Edge S.B, Lichter A, Schnitt SJ. Prognostic factors in breast cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus. Arch Pathol Lab Med; 2000. Jul;124(7): 966-78.
American Association for Clinical Chemistry. Retrieved form What does the test result mean? https://labtestsonline.org/tests/lipid-profile
Kitahara CM, Berrington de Gonzalez A, Freedman ND, Huxley R, Mok Y, Jee SH, Samet JM. Total cholesterol and cancer risk in a large prospective study in Korea. J Clin Oncol; 2011. 29(12): 1592–1598. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.31.5200
Emaus A, Veierod MB, Tretli S, Finstad SE, Selmer R, Furberg AS, Bernstein L, Schlichting E, Thune I. Metabolic profile, physical activity, and mortality in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat; 2010. 121(3): 651–660. doi:10.1007/s10549-009-0603-y
Laamiri FZ, Otmani A, Ahid S, Barkat A. Lipid profile among Moroccan overweight women and breast cancer: a case-control study. International Journal of General Medicine; 2013. 6: 439–445. doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S40826
Kunachowicz H, Nadolna I, Przygoda B, Iwanow K. Liczymy cholesterol w diecie. PZWL. Warszawa; 2008: 10-6, 21.
Martins KA, Freitas-Junior R, Tcbc-Go Monego ET, Paulinelli RR. Anthropometry and lipid profile in women with breast cancer: a case-control study. Rev. Col. Bras. Cir; 2012.39(5): 358-363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-69912012000500003
Llanos AA, Makambi KH, Tucker CA, Wallington SF, Shields PG, Adams-Campbell LL. Cholesterol, lipoproteins, and breast cancer risk in African- American women. Ethn Dis; 2012. 22(3): 281–287. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a18/be6d06a69f63c2689d860eff809ed57c7aac.pdf
Chang SJ, Hou MF, Tsai SM, Wu SHs, Hou LA, Ma H, Shann TY, Wu SHu, Tsai LY. The association between lipid profiles and breast cancer among Taiwanese women. Clin Chem Lab Med; 2007.45: 1219–1223. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2007.263
Rosato V, Bosetti C, Talamini R, Levi F, Montella M, Giacosa A, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Ann Oncol; 2011.22(12): 2687–2692. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdr025
Razis E, Kosmidis P, Aravantinos G, Bakoyiannis C, Janinis J, Timotheadou H, Christodoulou C, Fountzilas G. Second line chemotherapy with 5 fluorouracil and vinorelbine in anthracycline and taxane pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Invest; 2004.22 (1): 10–15.
Wu AH, Stram DO, Pike CM. RESPONSE: re: meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, serum estrogen levels, and the risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst; 2000.92(1): 78A-78. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/92.1.78a
Zielinski CC, Stuller I, Rausch P, Muller C. Increased serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides in the progression of breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol; 1988.114(5): 514–518. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00391503
Peela JR, Jarari AM, El Saiety SO, El Busaifi S, El Awamy H, Srikumar S. The relationship between Serum Lipids and Breast Cancer in Libya. Biochem Anal Biochem; 2012: 1-6. doi:10.4172/2161-1009.1000117
Bhat SA, Mir MR, Majid S, Reshi AA, Husain I, Hassan T, Ahmad H. Serum lipid profile of breast cancer patients in kashmir. J Invest Biochem; 2013. 2(1): 26-31. doi: 10.5455/jib.20121125075314
Buchwald H. Cholesterol inhibition, cancer, and chemotherapy. Lancet; 1992.339(8802): 1154-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90744-N
De Berardinis RJ, Lum JJ, Hatzivassiliou G, Thompson CB. The biology of cancer: metabolic reprogramming fuels cell growth and proliferation. Cell Metabol; 2008.7(1): 11–20. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.10.002
Clendening JW, Pandyra A, Boutros PC, El Ghamrasni S, Khosravi F, Trentin GA, Martirosyan A, Hakem A, Hakem R, Jurisica I, Penn LZ. Dysregulation of the mevalonate pathway promotes transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; 2010.107(34): 15051–15056. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910258107
Ginestier C, Monville F, Wicinski J, Cabaud O, Cervera N, Josselin E, Finetti P, Guille A, Larderet G, Viens P, Sebti S, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Charafe-Jauffret E. Mevalonate metabolism regulates Basal breast cancer stem cells and is a potential therapeutic target. Stem cells; 2012. 30(7): 1327–1337. doi: 10.1002/stem.1122.
Paillasse MR, de Medina P, Amouroux G, Mhamdi L, Poirot M, Silvente-Poirot S. Signaling through cholesterol esterification: A new pathway for the cholecystokinin 2 receptor involved in cell growth and invasion. J Lipid Res; 2009.50: 2203-11. doi:10.1194/jlr.M800668-JLR200
Boekholdt MS, Thompson JF. Natural genetic variation as a tool in understanding the role of CETP in lipid levels and disease. J Lipid Res; 2003.44: 1080-93. doi:10.1194/jlr.R200018-JLR200
Rodrigues dos Santos C, Fonseca I, Dias S, Mendes de Almeida JC. Plasma level of LDL-cholesterol at diagnosis is a predictor factor of breast tumor progression. BMC Cancer; 2014.14: 132. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-132
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 634
Number of citations: 0
