Temporomandibular joint dysfunctions in the context of psychological disorders among pediatric patients

Abstract

Introduction: There are many factors that affect temporomandibular joint dysfunction. These may include, among others: structural and postural disorders, bruxism, and occlusive abnormalities. In addition, an important aspect are psychological factors that, as a result of stress, can affect temporomandibular joint disorders through hyperactivity of the muscles, followed by biomechanical changes and related pain. These factors can lead to the production of neurotransmitters that disturb the balance of serotonin and catecholamines. Aim: Literature review to determine the relationship between temporomandibular joint disorders and psychological disorders in pediatric patients Material and methods: Based on the Research Gate, PubMed and Google Schoolar databases, a review of scientific papers was performed using the keywords: (temporomandibular joint), (stress, bruxism, mental disorders). Articles from the last 5 years have been analyzed. Results: Higher levels of anxiety are observed in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. There is also a higher incidence of depression and chronic stress. Conclusions: Available literature shows the relationships between dysfunctions within the temporomandibular joint and mental disorders of the patient. However, research in this area should continue to show more detailed information regarding both the general relationship between the abovementioned aspects and the relationship between individual temporomandibular joint disorders and psychological aspects.