Dermatillomania as a Mental Health Issue Among Young Adults: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Dermatillomania, also known as skin picking disorder, is a body-focused repetitive behavior associated with significant psychological and physical consequences, particularly among young adults. This narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding its clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, prevalence, underlying triggers, and available treatment options, with a focus on its impact on mental health. A targeted literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, including publications from 2015 to 2026.

The findings indicate that dermatillomania is relatively common yet frequently underdiagnosed, with onset typically occurring during adolescence. The disorder is strongly associated with emotional dysregulation, stress, and anxiety, and often coexists with other psychiatric conditions such as depressive and anxiety disorders. It can lead to substantial impairment in daily functioning, reduced quality of life, and social withdrawal, largely due to feelings of shame and stigma. Diagnostic assessment relies on established clinical criteria supported by validated screening tools, although challenges in recognition persist.

Therapeutic strategies emphasize a multidisciplinary approach. Psychotherapeutic interventions, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy and habit reversal training, remain the cornerstone of treatment, while pharmacological options - such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and N-acetylcysteine - may provide additional benefit. Despite available interventions, there is still no standardized treatment protocol.

In conclusion, dermatillomania represents a significant but often overlooked mental health issue requiring greater clinical awareness, improved diagnostic strategies, and further research to optimize treatment outcomes.