Advances in Acute Migraine Therapy: Triptans Compared with CGRP Receptor Antagonists

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2026.89.70058

Keywords

migraine, triptans, gepants, acute migraine therapy

Abstract

Introduction and purpose: Migraine is one of the most common and disabling neurological disorders. Attacks significantly decrease quality of life and daily functioning; therefore, effective treatment is crucial. Triptans have remained the standard therapy for many years, while calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists (gepants) represent an alternative. The aim of this review is to compare their effectiveness and safety.

Materials and Methods: This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of acute migraine therapies, focusing on triptans and gepants. Literature was searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

State of Knowledge: Both therapies are effective in treating migraine pain and associated symptoms. Triptans act as selective 5-HT₁B/₁D receptor agonists with rapid onset. However, their vasoconstrictive effects limit use in patients with cardiovascular disease. Gepants inhibit the CGRP pathway and do not cause vasoconstriction, suggesting a better safety profile, although with a slower onset.

Summary: Triptans remain first-line therapy, while gepants are a suitable alternative. Individualized treatment is essential.

References

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2026-04-07

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1.
CHODOR, Michał, KRYŚ, Zuzanna and MICHALIK , Zuzanna. Advances in Acute Migraine Therapy: Triptans Compared with CGRP Receptor Antagonists. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 7 April 2026. Vol. 89, p. 70058. [Accessed 10 April 2026]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2026.89.70058.

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Vol. 89 (2026)

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Medical Sciences

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Copyright (c) 2026 Michał Chodor, Zuzanna Krys, Zuzanna Michalik

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