Model of expert assessment of psychic disorders in persons with dependence from psychoactive substances, who did criminal actions

Abstract

Background. Mental disorders as a result of various forms of addictions and high criminogenicity of such persons has led to the need for a number of legislative changes in the field of jurisprudence (law), medicine and expertise. Materials and methods. Mental state of 661 examinees persons was studied. The presence of states of dependence on psychoactive substances and their impact on the ability to apprehend the sense of one’s actions and manage (ASAM) them and apprehend the sense of one’s actions (ASA) was studied. Objective: to develop a model of forensic psychiatric expert assessment of the ability of persons with states of dependence on the psychoactive substances to apprehent their actions and (or) manage them in accordance with existing legislation. Results and conclusions. It was established that 1.1% of examenees could not ASAM completely in criminal proceedings, 93.2% could ASAM, and 5.7% could not ASAM. In the civil process, with a retrospective definition of the mental state at the time of the conclusion of an agreement, an expert decision on the significant impact of psychoactive substances was made in 45% of cases, on the preservation of the ability to ASAM - 31.7%, of the inability to ASAM - 23.3%. This testifies to the non-use of expert practice in making decisions on "restraint locus standi” in the widespread use of the category of "limited capacity" in the civil process, which leads to an unjustified restriction of judges in choosing medical and legal measures for the prevention of repeated crimes by persons with states of dependence on psychoactive substances.