Deformation of spine – review of the literature

Abstract

Deformation is an undesirable change in shape, which in medicine means a pathological change that applies to all types of tissues, including bone. Spinal deformities refer to changes in the shape of individual vertebrae, which also affects changes in the entire column of the spine and consequently causes defects in posture, which is recognized as a symptom of disability. The main changes in spinal deformation include deformations of vertebral bodies with changes in their height and formation of bone growth, changes in arches and joints processes and leaving transverse and spinous processes . Variable number of vertebrae in individual sections of the spine is not treated as a change corresponding to the definition of deformation but as an anatomical variant. The aim of the work was to present the most common deformities within the spine.