Prevention, diagnosis and treatment in cholelithiasis

Abstract

Cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases treated in the General Surgery Departments. It is estimated that it is diagnosed in approximately 20% of adults, which makes it the most frequent disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The increase in the prevalence of cholelithiasis is due to the increased public exposure to risk factors: obesity, low physical activity, diabetes, low HDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia. Cholelithiasis is more common in women than in men. It is also an increasingly common disease in children. Etiology of cholelithiasis is bad eating habits and a high-fat diet. In the face of the obesity epidemic one should expect a steady increase in the incidence of cholelithiasis. Gallstones found in the gall bladder can be divided into two types: cholesterol and pigment. The first ones are much more common. In the case of treatment of cholelithiasis, the location of deposits is more important than their construction. The main diagnostic method of urolithiasis is the ultrasound with 95% sensitivity in the detection of stones in the gall blader and bile ducts .. The development of surgery has led to the fact that cholecystectomy has now become one of the main procedures performed in the wards and completely cures the disease.