Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: Etiology, Clinical Presentation and Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2025.79.58740Keywords
retinal vein occlusion, retina, visual impairmentAbstract
Introduction and Purpose: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) occurs when the lumen of the retinal vein closes. Central retinal vein occlusion is the second most common retinal vascular disease. There are distinguished forms: central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), hemiretinal vein occlusion (HRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Central retinal vein occlusion is a prevalent cause of visual impairment among the elderly. Currently, there are no proven methods for the prevention of this condition. Current therapy is based on treatment of possible complications (laser therapy, anti-VEGF injections, glucocorticosteroid injections). Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a disease that involves the sudden appearance of lesions on the fundus due to the closure of a venous vessel. As a result, the patient often experiences a significant deterioration in visual acuity, potentially leading to complete vision loss. Determining the epidemiology is difficult, and diagnosis is based mainly on a physical examination combined with a thorough ophthalmologic evaluation, supplemented by a number of additional tests.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive survey of articles published in scientific journals was conducted via the online research platforms PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were searched by entering keywords in the appropriate configuration: “retinal vein occlusion”, “retina”, “visual impairment”.
Description of current knowledge: Studies have indicated that the approach to diagnosing and managing central retinal vein occlusion is largely contingent on the underlying cause and the intensity of the patient's symptoms.
Keywords: “retinal vein occlusion”, “retina”, “visual impairment”
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