The importance of mammography in the prevention of breast cancer in women in Norway
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2024.76.57155Keywords
mammography, breast cancer, women, NorwayAbstract
Introduction. Breast cancer in women in the world is the dominant cancer and the main cause of death in this population.In the last decade, the number of new cases of this cancer has increased significantly, especially among women over 50 years of age. In Norway, however, positive epidemiological trends can be observed in the form of high relative five-year survival rates and a decrease in mortality due to breast cancer.
The aim of the study is to present the recommendations and effects of the mammography program in women in Norway for the prevention of breast cancer.
Material and methods. The study uses the method of review and analysis of literature from databases of scientific journals - mainly PubMed. The search used the following keywords: "breast cancer", "Norway", "mammography", "women". In addition, Norwegian statistical registers on demographic data were also analysed.
Results. It should be emphasized that women in Norway are very interested in mammography screening, which means that breast cancer in this country is most often diagnosed at an early stage of development. The Norwegian Research Council found that mammography has reduced women's mortality from breast cancer by more than 20%. In 2023, the five-year survival rate for women with breast cancer in Norway was high, at 92.7%. There was also a decrease in mortality from 694 deaths in 2005 to 619 in 2022.
Conclusions. National and international cooperation should be continued, sharing experiences in health-promoting activities aimed at improving epidemiological indicators and quality of life of women with breast cancer, and conducting scientific research in this area.
References
1. https://www.forskning.no/sykdommer-virus/dette-dor-folk-av-i-verden/1686490.
2. Cancer in Norway 2018 – Cancer incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in Norway. Oslo: Kreftregisteret, 2019. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/globalassets/cancer-in-norway/2018/cin2018.pdf Lest 17.11.2020.
3. Rapport 2024 FHI .Dødsårsaker i Norge 2023. /https://www.fhi.no/publ/2024/dodsarsaker-i-norge-2023/.
4. Cancer in Norway 2023 ble publisert 7. mai 2024. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/Generelt/Rapporter/Cancer-in-Norway/cancer-in-norway-2023.
6. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/Generelt/Rapporter/Cancer-in-Norway/Cancer-in-Norway-2013.
7. Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D. Breast-cancer screening: viewpoint of the IARC working group. N Engl J Med. 2015;3722423538. DOI 10.1056/NEJMsr1504363.
8. International Agency for Research on Cancer Handbook Working Group. IARC Handbook of Cancer Prevention. Breast Cancer Screening. Lyon, Frankrike: IARC Press, 2015a.
9. Helsedirektoratet. https://www.helsedirektoratet.no/retningslinjer/brystkreft-handlingsprogram/mammografiscreening-og-oppfolging-av-kvinner-med-okt-risiko-for-brystkreft/mammografiscreening-5069-ar.
10. The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program, 1996-2016: celebrating 20 years of organised screening in Norway Cancer in Norway 2016 - cancer incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in Norway. Utgitt 2017. Kreftregisteret.
11. Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for brystkreft, Årsrapport 2023, z dnia 7.05.2024 r., https://www.kreftregisteret.no/kreftformer/Brystkreft/2023.
12. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/globalassets/publikasjoner-og-rapporter/cancer-in-norway/cin2005.pdf.
13. Kreftregisteret Cancer in Norway 2019 – 2023. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/Temasider/om-kreft/
14. Norges forskningsråd. Research-based evaluation of the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program Final Report. Oslo: Norges forskningsråd, 2015. https://www.forskningsradet.no/siteassets/publikasjoner/1254012138940.pdf.
15. Kreftregisteret sist oppdatert: 25.10.2023 r. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/screening/mammografiprogrammet/fordeler-og-ulemper/
16. Sebuødegård S, Sagstad S, Hofvind S. Oppmøte i Mammografiprogrammet. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2016; 136: 1448–51. https://tidsskriftet.no/2016/09/originalartikkel/oppmote-i-mammografiprogrammet.
17. Årsrapport 2023. Resultater og forbedringstiltak fra Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for brystkref. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/globalassets/publikasjoner-og-rapporter/arsrapporter/publisert-2024/arsrapport-2023-nasjonalt-kvalitetsregister-for-brystkreft.pdf.
18. Kreftregisteret sist oppdatert: 12.06.2024 r. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/screening/mammografiprogrammet/om_mammografiprogrammet/.
19. Kreftregisteret- Mammografiprogrammet 25 år. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/Generelt/Rapporter/Mammografiprogrammet/25-arsrapport-mammografiprogrammet/.
20. Research-based evaluation of the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. Final report. Utgitt 2015. Norges forskningsråd.
21. Zahl P-H, Jørgensen KJ, Gøtzsche PC. Overestimated lead times in cancer screening has led to substantial underestimation of overdiagnosis. Br J Cancer 2013; 109: 2014 – 9.
22. Zahl, P.-H., Kalager, M., Suhrke, P. and Nord, E. (2020). Quality-of-life effects of screening mammography in Norway. Int. J. Cancer, 146: 2104-2112. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32539].
23. Dibden A, Offman J, Duffy SW i wsp: Worldwide Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies Measuring the Effect of Mammography Screening Programmes on Incidence-Based Breast Cancer Mortality. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Apr 15;12(4):976. doi: 10.3390/cancers12040976. PMID: 32326646; PMCID: PMC7226343.
24. The Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening. The benefits and harms of breast cancer screening: an independent review. Lancet (London, England) 2012;380:1778–86.
25. Kreftregisteret – Nøkkeltall https://www.kreftregisteret.no/screening/mammografiprogrammet/Nokkeltall/
26. Etterundersøkelser, deteksjon av brystkreft og positiv prediktiv verdi av etterundersøkelser på grunn av mammografifunn. Kreftregisteret.Minirapport 2023-2.
27. Carioli G, Malvezzi M, Rodriguez T. I wsp. Trends and predictions to 2020 in breast cancer mortality in Europe. Breast 2017;36:89–95.
28. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A.. Cancer statistics, 2019. Cancer J Clin 2019;69:7–34.
29. Hofvind S, Holen ÅS, Aase HS, et al. Two-view digital breast tomosynthesis versus digital mammography in a population-based breast cancer screening programme (To-Be): a randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2019;20:795–805.
30. Song SY, Park B, Hong S, et al. Comparison of digital and screen-film mammography for breast-cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Breast Cancer 2019;22:311–25.
31. de Munck L, De Bock GH, Otter R, et al. Digital vs screen-film mammography in population-based ybreast cancer screening: performance indicators and tumour characteristics of screen-detected and interval cancers. Br J Cancer 2016;115:517–24.
32. Christiansen SR, Autier P, Støvring H. Change in effectiveness of mammography screening with decreasing breast cancer mortality: a population-based study. Eur J Public Health. 2022 Aug 1;32(4):630-635. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac047. PMID: 35732293; PMCID: PMC9341840].
33. Bhargava S, Tsuruda K, Moen K i wsp. Lower attendance rates in immigrant versus non-immigrant women in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme. J Med Screen. 2018;25(3):155–61. DOI: 10.1177/0969141317733771.
34. Le M, Hofvind S, Tsuruda K, Braaten T. i wsp.: Lower attendance rates in BreastScreen Norway among immigrants across all levels of socio-demographic factors: a population-based study. J Public Health. 2018;27:229–40. DOI: 10.1007/s10389-018-0937-1].
35. Bhargava S, Mangerud G, Hofvind S.: Attendance in BreastScreen Norway among immigrant and Norwegian-born women. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2021 Feb 1;141(2). English, Norwegian. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0134. PMID: 33528126.
36. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram i wsp.: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018; 68: 394–424.
37. Bhargava S, Hofvind S, Moen K: Gender, letters, relatives, and God: mediating actors in mammographic screening among Pakistani women in Norway. Acta Radiol Open. 2019 Sep 11;8(9):2058460119875015. doi: 10.1177/2058460119875015. PMID: 31548913; PMCID: PMC6743200.
38. Statistisk sentralbyrå. Fakta om innvandring [Internett]. Statistisk sentralbyrå; u.å. [hentet 13. januar 2024]. Tilgjengelig fra:https://www.ssb.no/innvandring-og-innvandrere/faktaside/innvandring].
39. https://www.kreftregisteret.no/screening/Mammografiprogrammet/
40. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). State of health in the EU. Poland. Country health profile 2023 [internett]. OECD, u.å. [hentet 24. august 2024]. Tilgjengelig fra: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/f597c810en.pdf?expires=1724481234&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=7447186093743E203986AA16A253].
41. Moshina N, Falk RS, Hofvind S: Long-term quality of life among breast cancer survivors eligible for screening at diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health. 2021 Oct;199:65-76. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.08.008. Epub 2021 Sep 21. PMID: 34560477.
42. Hauge IH, Pedersen K, Olerud HM i wsp. The risk of radiation-induced breast cancers due to biennial mammographic screening in women aged 50-69 years is minimal. Acta Radiol. 2014 Dec;55(10):1174-9. doi: 10.1177/0284185113514051. Epub 2013 Dec 5. PMID: 24311702.
43. Autier P. Weighing the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA); AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl).
44. Schousboe JT, Kerlikowske K, Loh A, Cummings SR. Personalizing mammography by breast density and other risk factors for breast cancer: analysis of health benefits and cost-effectiveness. Ann Intern Med 2011;155(1):10- 20].
45. Shieh Y, Eklund M, Madlensky L, Sawyer SD, Thompson CK, Stover Fiscalini A, et al. Breast cancer screening in the precision medicine era: risk-based screening in a population-based trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017;109(5)].
46. Esserman LJ. The WISDOM Study: breaking the deadlock in the breast cancer screening debate. NPJ Breast Cancer 2017;3:34.
47. Lee CI, Chen LE, Elmore JG. Risk-based breast cancer screening: implications of breast density. Med Clin North Am 2017;101(4):725-41].
48. Mann RM, Athanasiou A, Baltzer PAT, Camps-Herrero J, Clauser P, Fallenberg EM, et al. Breast cancer screening in women with extremely dense breasts recommendations of the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI). Eur Radiol 2022;32(6):4036-45.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Renata Pałac, Aneta Mielnik, Elżbieta Cipora

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 113
Number of citations: 0