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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sepsis in a Fourteen-year-old Patient: A case study of pulmonary inflammatory discharge without typical features of respiratory tract infection
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  3. Vol. 77 (2025) /
  4. Medical Sciences

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sepsis in a Fourteen-year-old Patient: A case study of pulmonary inflammatory discharge without typical features of respiratory tract infection

Authors

  • Bartłomiej Żaczek Wydział Lekarski, Collegium Medicum Krakowskiej Akademii im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9184-3649
  • Jakub Kozłowski Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2564-9291
  • Alicja Kamińska Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6393-3405
  • Wojciech Kupczak Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2620-2738
  • Kinga Bujak Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3191-5288
  • Aleksandra Kocjan Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5740-6867
  • Ismael Alsoubie Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-3025
  • Natalie Papachristoforou Faculty of Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8417-3794
  • Wojciech Kaźmierski Independent Public Health Care Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration in Katowice, ul. Wita Stwosza 41, 40-514 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8699-2914
  • Mateusz Ziomek Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2082-1459
  • Paulina Lis Leszek Giec Upper - Silesian Medical Centre of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ziołowa 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0652-4822
  • Marta Czubaj-Kowal Department of Paediatrics, Stefan Zeromski Specialist Hospital in Krakow, Na Skarpie 66 Str., 31-913 Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-1508

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2025.77.56959

Keywords

sepsis, diagnosis, inflammation, pneumonia

Abstract

Introduction and aim. Sepsis is a set of symptoms caused by the body’s uncontrolled inflammatory response to infection, leading to damage to more than one organ and homeostasis disorders. Symptoms of sepsis in children may be non-specific, making it difficult to diagnose quickly and effectively.

Description of the case. This article presents the case of a 14-year-old patient who was admitted to the Paediatric Unit due to a high fever (up to 42 degrees Celsius) lasting from five days and severe pain in the area of the lower ribs on the left side, at the site of an injury that occurred two weeks earlier.

Conclusion. In the case of unclear symptoms of high fever and indicators of inflammation, a broad diagnostic spectrum is necessary, including imaging and laboratory tests and specialist consultations. It is also important to consider the possibility of pulmonary congestion in case of postural pain and elevated levels of D-dimers. Regular patient monitoring and controlled laboratory studies are crucial in assessing the effectiveness of therapy and the progress of treatment.

References

Downes KJ, Fitzgerald JC, Weiss SL. Utility of Procalcitonin as a Biomarker for Sepsis in Children. J Clin Microbiol. 2020; 58(7):e01851-19.

Molloy EJ, Bearer CF. Paediatric and neonatal sepsis and inflammation. Pediatr Res. 2022; 91(2):267-269.

Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016; 315(8):801-810.

Patel K, McElvania E. Diagnostic Challenges and Laboratory Considerations for Pediatric Sepsis. J Appl Lab Med. 2019;3(4):587-600.

Peshimam N, Nadel S. Sepsis in children: state-of-the-art treatment. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2021; 8:20499361211055332.

Srzić I, Nesek Adam V, Tunjić Pejak D. SEPSIS DEFINITION: WHAT'S NEW IN THE TREATMENT GUIDELINES. Acta Clin Croat. 2022;67-72. doi: 10.20471/acc.2022.61.s1.11.

Sadeq Ahmed M, Khalid Farooqui M, Sadiq Y. Pneumonia and concealed pulmonary embolism: A case report and literature review. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2022;52(2):142-146. doi: 10.1177/14782715221103670.

Wang J, Xia C, Sharma A, Gaba GS, Shabaz M. Chest CT Findings and Differential Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumoniae Combined with Streptococcal Pneumonia in Children. J Healthc Eng. 2021;2021:8085530. doi: 10.1155/2021/8085530.

Machanahalli Balakrishna A, Reddi V, Belford PM, Alvarez M, Jaber WA, Zhao DX, Vallabhajosyula S. Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism: A Review of Contemporary Diagnosis, Risk Stratification and Management. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(9):1186. doi: 10.3390/medicina58091186.

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Published

2025-01-30

How to Cite

1.
ŻACZEK, Bartłomiej, KOZŁOWSKI, Jakub, KAMIŃSKA, Alicja, KUPCZAK, Wojciech, BUJAK, Kinga, KOCJAN, Aleksandra, ALSOUBIE, Ismael, PAPACHRISTOFOROU, Natalie, KAŹMIERSKI, Wojciech, ZIOMEK, Mateusz, LIS, Paulina and CZUBAJ-KOWAL, Marta. Diagnosis and Treatment of Sepsis in a Fourteen-year-old Patient: A case study of pulmonary inflammatory discharge without typical features of respiratory tract infection. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 30 January 2025. Vol. 77, p. 56959. [Accessed 1 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2025.77.56959.
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Issue

Vol. 77 (2025)

Section

Medical Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Bartłomiej Żaczek, Jakub Kozłowski, Alicja Kamińska, Wojciech Kupczak, Kinga Bujak, Aleksandra Kocjan, Ismael Alsoubie, Natalie Papachristoforou, Wojciech Kaźmierski, Mateusz Ziomek, Paulina Lis, Marta Czubaj-Kowal

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

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