The efficacy of available supplements and medical drugs in longevity medicine - a review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2025.77.56774Keywords
longevity, lifespan, supplements, metformin, rilmenidine, acarbose, mianserin, rapamycin, NMN, resveratrol, probiotics, vitamin D, coenzyme Q10, taurineAbstract
Ageing is a complex process occurring simultaneously on various levels - visual, physical, mental. Some among many factors responsible for maintenance of good physical and mental health are various nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants and medical drugs. Within this review, selected substances that show anti-ageing potential were examined. This paper reviews data on model organisms concerning the effects of widely used drugs and dietary supplements on the lifespan of model organisms.
References
Martin-Montalvo A, Mercken EM, Mitchell SJ, Palacios HH, Mote PL, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Gomes AP, Ward TM, Minor RK, Blouin MJ, Schwab M, Pollak M, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Becker KG, Bohr VA, Ingram DK, Sinclair DA, Wolf NS, Spindler SR, Bernier M, de Cabo R. Metformin improves healthspan and lifespan in mice. Nat Commun. 2013;4:2192. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3192. PMID: 23900241; PMCID: PMC3736576.
Romero R, Erez O, Hüttemann M, Maymon E, Panaitescu B, Conde- Agudelo A, Pacora P, Yoon BH, Grossman LI. Metformin, the aspirin of the 21st century: its role in gestational diabetes mellitus, prevention of preeclampsia and cancer, and the promotion of longevity. Am
J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Sep;217(3):282-302. doi: 10.1016/ j.ajog.2017.06.003. Epub 2017 Jun 12. PMID: 28619690; PMCID: PMC6084482.
Glossmann HH, Lutz OMD. Metformin and Aging: A Review. Gerontology. 2019;65(6):581-590. doi: 10.1159/000502257. Epub 2019 Sep 13. PMID: 31522175.
Soukas AA, Hao H, Wu L. Metformin as Anti-Aging Therapy: Is It for Everyone? Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Oct;30(10):745-755. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.07.015. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31405774; PMCID: PMC6779524.
Mohammed I, Hollenberg MD, Ding H, Triggle CR. A Critical Review of the Evidence That Metformin Is a Putative Anti-Aging Drug That Enhances Healthspan and Extends Lifespan. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Aug 5;12:718942. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.718942. PMID: 34421827; PMCID: PMC8374068.
Bennett DF, Goyala A, Statzer C, Beckett CW, Tyshkovskiy A, Gladyshev VN, Ewald CY, de Magalhães JP. Rilmenidine extends lifespan and healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans via a nischarin I1-imidazoline receptor. Aging Cell. 2023 Feb;22(2):e13774. doi: 10.1111/acel.13774. Epub 2023 Jan 20. PMID: 36670049; PMCID: PMC9924948.
Soma M, Lalam SK. The role of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in anti-aging, longevity, and its potential for treating chronic conditions. Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Oct;49(10):9737-9748. doi: 10.1007/ s11033-022-07459-1. Epub 2022 Apr 20. PMID: 35441939.
Nadeeshani H, Li J, Ying T, Zhang B, Lu J. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) as an anti-aging health product - Promises and safety concerns. J Adv Res. 2021 Aug 11;37:267-278. doi: 10.1016/ j.jare.2021.08.003. PMID: 35499054; PMCID: PMC9039735.
Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai SI. NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metab. 2018 Mar 6;27(3):513-528. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Dec 14. PMID: 29249689; PMCID: PMC5842119.
Yi L, Maier AB, Tao R, Lin Z, Vaidya A, Pendse S, Thasma S, Andhalkar N, Avhad G, Kumbhar V. The efficacy and safety of β- nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle- aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel- group, dose-dependent clinical trial. Geroscience. 2023 Feb;45(1):29-43. doi: 10.1007/ s11357-022-00705-1. Epub 2022 Dec 8. PMID: 36482258; PMCID: PMC9735188.
Li YR, Li S, Lin CC. Effect of resveratrol and pterostilbene on aging and longevity. Biofactors. 2018 Jan;44(1):69-82. doi: 10.1002/biof.1400. Epub 2017 Dec 6. PMID: 29210129.
Li Z, Zhang Z, Ren Y, Wang Y, Fang J, Yue H, Ma S, Guan F. Aging and age-related diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Biogerontology. 2021 Apr;22(2):165-187. doi: 10.1007/
s10522-021-09910-5. Epub 2021 Jan 27. PMID: 33502634; PMCID: PMC7838467.
Das DK, Mukherjee S, Ray D. Resveratrol and red wine, healthy heart and longevity. Heart Fail Rev. 2010 Sep;15(5):467-77. doi: 10.1007/ s10741-010-9163-9. Corrected and republished in: Heart Fail Rev. 2011 Jul;16(4):425-35. PMID: 20238161.
Lagouge M, Argmann C, Gerhart-Hines Z, Meziane H, Lerin C, Daussin F, Messadeq N, Milne J, Lambert P, Elliott P, Geny B, Laakso M, Puigserver P, Auwerx J. Resveratrol improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic disease by activating SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha. Cell. 2006 Dec 15;127(6):1109-22. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.11.013. Epub 2006 Nov 16. PMID: 17112576.
Boyajian JL, Ghebretatios M, Schaly S, Islam P, Prakash S. Microbiome and Human Aging: Probiotic and Prebiotic Potentials in Longevity, Skin Health and Cellular Senescence. Nutrients. 2021 Dec 18;13(12):4550. doi: 10.3390/nu13124550. PMID: 34960102; PMCID: PMC8705837.
Coman V, Vodnar DC. Gut microbiota and old age: Modulating factors and interventions for healthy longevity. Exp Gerontol. 2020 Nov;141:111095. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111095. Epub 2020 Sep 23. PMID: 32979504; PMCID: PMC7510636.
Moskalev A, Guvatova Z, Lopes IA, Beckett CW, Kennedy BK, De Magalhaes JP, Makarov AA. Targeting aging mechanisms: pharmacological perspectives. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Apr;33(4):266-280. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.01.007. Epub 2022 Feb 17. PMID: 35183431.
Hanefeld M, Schaper F. Acarbose: oral anti-diabetes drug with additional cardiovascular benefits. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2008 Feb;6(2):153-63. doi: 10.1586/14779072.6.2.153. Erratum in: Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2009 Mar;7(3):330. PMID: 18248270.
McCarty MF, DiNicolantonio JJ. Acarbose, lente carbohydrate, and prebiotics promote metabolic health and longevity by stimulating intestinal production of GLP-1. Open Heart. 2015 Jan 29;2(1):e000205. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2014-000205. PMID: 25685364; PMCID: PMC4316590.
Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, Hanefeld M, Karasik A, Laakso M; STOP-NIDDM Trial Research Group. Acarbose treatment and the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: the STOP-NIDDM trial. JAMA. 2003 Jul 23;290(4):486-94. doi: 10.1001/jama.290.4.486. PMID: 12876091.
Almotayri A, Thomas J, Munasinghe M, Jois M. The Effect of Mianserin on Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegan is Abolished by Glucose. Curr Aging Sci. 2021;14(2):118-123. doi: 10.2174/1874609813999210104203614. PMID: 33397278.
Crino PB. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in status epilepticus. Epilepsy Behav. 2019 Dec;101(Pt B):106550. doi: 10.1016/ j.yebeh.2019.106550. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31732331.
Beevers CS, Li F, Liu L, Huang S. Curcumin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin-mediated signaling pathways in cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2006 Aug 15;119(4):757-64. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21932. PMID: 16550606.
Kennedy BK, Lamming DW. The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin: The Grand ConducTOR of Metabolism and Aging. Cell Metab. 2016 Jun 14;23(6):990-1003. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.009. PMID: 27304501; PMCID: PMC4910876.
Kim DH, Sarbassov DD, Ali SM, King JE, Latek RR, Erdjument- Bromage H, Tempst P, Sabatini DM. mTOR interacts with raptor to form a nutrient-sensitive complex that signals to the cell growth machinery. Cell. 2002 Jul 26;110(2):163-75. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00808-5. PMID: 12150925.
Selvarani R, Mohammed S, Richardson A. Effect of rapamycin on aging and age-related diseases-past and future. Geroscience. 2021 Jun;43(3):1135-1158. doi: 10.1007/s11357-020-00274-1. Epub 2020 Oct 10. PMID: 33037985; PMCID: PMC8190242.
Bikle DD. Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Chem Biol. 2014 Mar 20;21(3):319-29. doi: 10.1016/ j.chembiol.2013.12.016. Epub 2014 Feb 13. PMID: 24529992; PMCID: PMC3968073.
Norman AW. From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health. Am J Clin Nutr.
Aug;88(2):491S-499S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/88.2.491S. PMID: 18689389.
Wang W, Li Y, Meng X. Vitamin D and neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon. 2023 Jan 12;9(1):e12877. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12877. PMID: 36820164; PMCID: PMC9938420.
Chowdhury R, Kunutsor S, Vitezova A, Oliver-Williams C, Chowdhury S, Kiefte-de-Jong JC, Khan H, Baena CP, Prabhakaran D, Hoshen MB, Feldman BS, Pan A, Johnson L, Crowe F, Hu FB, Franco OH. Vitamin D and risk of cause specific death: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort and randomised intervention studies. BMJ. 2014 Apr 1;348:g1903. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g1903. PMID: 24690623; PMCID: PMC3972416.
Autier P, Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Sep 10;167(16):1730-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.16.1730. PMID: 17846391.
Huggins B, Farris M. Vitamin D3 promotes longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Geroscience. 2023 Feb;45(1):345-358. doi:10.1007/s11357-022-00637-w. Epub 2022 Aug 24. PMID: 36001277; PMCID: PMC9886739.
Mantle D, Hargreaves I. Coenzyme Q10 and Degenerative Disorders Affecting Longevity: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Feb 16;8(2):44. doi: 10.3390/antiox8020044. PMID: 30781472; PMCID: PMC6406788.
Cichocki, M.(2012). Napoje energetyzujące – współczesne zagrożenie zdrowotne dzieci i młodzieży. Przegląd lekarski, vol. 69, no. 10, p.856-860.
Bigard, A.X.(2011). Risks of energy drinks in youths. Pediatria ,25,1,p.947-948.
Singh P, Gollapalli K, Mangiola S, Schranner D, Yusuf MA, Chamoli M, Shi SL, Lopes Bastos B, Nair T, Riermeier A, Vayndorf EM, Wu JZ, Nilakhe A, Nguyen CQ, Muir M, Kiflezghi MG, Foulger A, Junker A, Devine J, Sharan K, Chinta SJ, Rajput S, Rane A, Baumert P, Schönfelder M, Iavarone F, di Lorenzo G, Kumari S, Gupta A, Sarkar R, Khyriem C, Chawla AS, Sharma A, Sarper N, Chattopadhyay N, Biswal BK, Settembre C, Nagarajan P, Targoff KL, Picard M, Gupta S, Velagapudi V, Papenfuss
AT, Kaya A, Ferreira MG, Kennedy BK, Andersen JK, Lithgow GJ, Ali AM, Mukhopadhyay A, Palotie A, Kastenmüller G, Kaeberlein M, Wackerhage H, Pal B, Yadav VK. Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging. Science. 2023 Jun 9;380(6649):eabn9257. doi: 10.1126/science.abn9257. Epub 2023 Jun 9. PMID: 37289866; PMCID: PMC10630957.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Michał Łata, Małgorzata Chyćko, Kinga Przyborowska, Justyna Kwiecień, Mateusz Rukat, Agnieszka Strojny, Robert Siemiątkowski
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 99
Number of citations: 0
