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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Overview of Pilonidal Cyst Treatment Methods - Review Paper
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Overview of Pilonidal Cyst Treatment Methods - Review Paper

Authors

  • Ewa Łukaszewska Kliniczny Szpital Wojewódzki Nr 2 im. Św. Jadwigi Królowej w Rzeszowie, ul. Lwowska 60, 35-301 Rzeszów https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6065-7213
  • Ilona Sajkiewicz Stefan Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Aleja Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5954-3594
  • Nadia Miga-Orczykowska Stefan Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Aleja Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0551-6159
  • Ilona Jasiuk Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Lublin, Stanisława Staszica 16, 20-400 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8544-3276
  • Paulina Lemieszek Stefan Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Aleja Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6648-7283
  • Justyna Wójtowicz Stefan Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Aleja Krasnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6079-9637
  • Katarzyna Rudnicka Stefan Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Aleja Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6815-6276
  • Martyna Pustelniak Provincial Combined Hospital in Kielce, Grunwaldzka 45, 25-736 https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5606-0385
  • Katarzyna Krukar Provincial Combined Hospital in Kielce, Grunwaldzka 45, 25-736 https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5544-8027
  • Kamil Chrościński 1st Clinic of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, University Teaching Hospital No. 1 Lublin, Stanisława Staszica 16, 20-400 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0468-7901

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2024.68.55191

Keywords

pilonidal cyst, Abscess, hair cyst

Abstract

Introduction and purpose

 A pilonidal cyst also known as a pilondial sinus, is an inflammatory condition that occurs in the intergluteal region, which can lead to serious infections. It most commonly affects young men, with risk factors including the presence of hair in this area, excessive sweating, obesity, and poor hygiene. Symptoms include a lump, pain, and purulent discharge from openings in the skin. Diagnosis involves taking a medical history, a physical examination, and often an ultrasound. The aim of this paper is to present and compare the available methods for treating pilonidal cysts.

Materials and methods

Literature available in PubMed databases were reviewed using the following keywords: ‘’Pilonidal cyst’’, ‘’Hair cyst’’, ‘’Abscess’’, ‘’Treatment of pilonidal cyst’’,’’ Bascom II method’’,’’ Limberg flap’’,’’ Suchorski technique’’, ‘’V-Y or Z skin flap reconstruction’’,’’ the Karadakis’’

Results

The available treatment methods can be divided into conservative and invasive approaches. Conservative methods include hair removal and improved hygiene. Among the surgical methods, there are traditional excision techniques and modern methods such as excision using the Bascom II method, Limberg flap, Suchorski technique, or V-Y or Z skin flap reconstruction. The Karadakis method, which involves shifting a skin flap, is particularly effective for obese patients.

Conclusion

Treatment of pilonidal cysts depends on the stage and symptoms. Abscesses require urgent surgical intervention, while asymptomatic cysts can be treated conservatively or surgically.

References

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Published

2024-09-24

How to Cite

1.
ŁUKASZEWSKA, Ewa, SAJKIEWICZ, Ilona, MIGA-ORCZYKOWSKA, Nadia, JASIUK, Ilona, LEMIESZEK, Paulina, WÓJTOWICZ, Justyna, RUDNICKA, Katarzyna, PUSTELNIAK, Martyna, KRUKAR, Katarzyna and CHROŚCIŃSKI, Kamil. Overview of Pilonidal Cyst Treatment Methods - Review Paper. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 24 September 2024. Vol. 68, p. 55191. [Accessed 7 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2024.68.55191.
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Vol. 68 (2024)

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Medical Sciences

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Copyright (c) 2024 Ewa Łukaszewska, Ilona Sajkiewicz, Nadia Miga-Orczykowska, Ilona Jasiuk, Paulina Lemieszek, Justyna Wójtowicz, Katarzyna Rudnicka, Martyna Pustelniak, Katarzyna Krukar, Kamil Chrościński

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