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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

A review on the classification and current treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease
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A review on the classification and current treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease

Authors

  • Michał Żuberek Faculty of Medicine Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Jagiellonska 13, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2358-6784
  • Zuzanna Popińska Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava Špitálska 24, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8224-6770
  • Daniel Ślusarczyk Military Medical Academy Memorial Teaching Hospital – Central Veterans’ Hospital, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3338-976X
  • Bartłomiej Żmuda Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No.1 of the Medical University of Lodz,Stefana Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153. Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6290-0455
  • Wiktoria Jakubowska wiktoria.jakubowska@stud.umed.lodz.pl https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9290-503X
  • Piotr Pisera Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, al. Tadeusza Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7086-7307
  • Aleksandra Kiełkowicz Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7837-0925
  • Filip Pactwa Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-5072

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.49.01.006

Keywords

Chronic Kidney Disease, Kidney Failure, Chronic Treatment

Abstract

Introduction:

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a chronic condition which is characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time leading to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Role of kidneys is very vital to maintain homeostasis of the system. CKD is classified into five stages based on the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). CKD is a long-term condition which cannot be completely cured. Treatment focuses on managing underlying conditions , slowing disease progression and addressing complications. 

Aim of the study: 

Purpose of this study is to encapsulate available knowledge about classification and therapeutic options for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease. Both old and new treatment methods have been summarized in the following publication.

Material and methods: 

Literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following keywords:

“Chronic kidney disease”, “ACE inhibitors” , “Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers", “Diabetic Kidney Disease” ,”End-Stage Kidney Disease”, “Dapagliflozin”, 

Conclusions:

 Chronic Kidney Disease is a condition which is progressive and affects more than 10% of the general population worldwide totaling over 800 million people. There are many causes of chronic kidney disease; therefore, it is important to focus on slowing the progression of the disease, minimizing complications and modifying risk factors.

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Published

2023-12-30

How to Cite

1.
ŻUBEREK, Michał, POPIŃSKA, Zuzanna, ŚLUSARCZYK, Daniel, ŻMUDA, Bartłomiej, JAKUBOWSKA, Wiktoria, PISERA, Piotr, KIEŁKOWICZ, Aleksandra and PACTWA, Filip. A review on the classification and current treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 30 December 2023. Vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 86-106. [Accessed 28 June 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2023.49.01.006.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Michał Żuberek, Zuzanna Popińska, Daniel Ślusarczyk, Bartłomiej Żmuda, Wiktoria Jakubowska, Piotr Pisera, Aleksandra Kiełkowicz, Filip Pactwa

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