SGLT2 inhibitors - a breakthrough in treatment of heart failure and their multipotential beneficial role in cardiology, diabetology, nephrology and neurology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.38.01.013Keywords
SGLT-2 inhibitors, flozins, flozins heart failure, heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF), dapagliflozin, cardiovascular, empagliflozin, systolic, diabetesAbstract
Inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2 inhibitors) are relatively new and
innovative antihyperglycemic drugs which by inhibiting sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 minimalise
reabsorption of glucose in nephrones. Due to this process, SGLT2 inhibitors became a first-choice
drugs in diabetology. Flozins were a turning point in many clinical trials and currently consequently
conquer pharmacoterapy in cardiology. In the past years, clinical studies proved vast role of SGLT2
inhibitors in other fields of medicine. Flosins protect heart muscle and kidneys among patients with or
without type diabetes mellitus type 2. They have positive effect on hypertension, arteries and brain
tissue.
Cardiological condition with the lowest long-term outcome in patients is heart failure with reduced
ejection fraction. Until flozins, treatment in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was based on
four groups of drugs: β-blocker, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAA),
including angiotensin converting enzyme ACE/ARB inhibitors, angiotensin and neprilysin receptor
blockers (ARNI) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). It was an appropriate HFrEF
treatment over the last years. However thanks to large-scale researches a role of flozins in cardiology
have been established and they became hope for a change in the course of heart failure.
The following article presents aspects of using flozins in treatment of patients with HFrEF,
multipotential usage, vast benefits for patients, not solely cardiologic, and side effects of these
miraculous group of drugs.
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