Extrinsic allergic pneumonitis - classification, pathogenesis, diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.46.01.022Keywords
diagnostic, extrinsic allergic pneumonitis, treatment, prognosisAbstract
Introduction and objective: Extrinsic allergic pneumonitis (AZPP) is an inflammatory disease of the lung parenchyma and bronchioles, caused by inhalation of organic and inorganic antigens. The pathhomechanism of the disease is based on the binding of the antigen with precipitins to form immune complexes that are responsible for the formation of acute inflammation in the lung tissue. The resulting inflammation is a type III and type IV hypersensitivity reaction. In the clinical course, azpp is divided into acute, subacute and chronic phases. The course of the disease varies depending on the type and duration of exposure to the antigen. It is most often manifested by shortness of breath, coughing and the progression of the disease leads to respiratory failure.
Review methods: While writing the thesis, a database was used, ie Pubmed and Google Scholar.
Brief description of the stage of knowledge: Extrinsic allergic pneumonitis requires a thorough differential diagnosis, which includes laboratory tests, functional tests, imaging tests, inhalation provocation tests and lung biopsy. The mainstay of treatment is to avoid exposure to the antigen. In severe disease, systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated.
Summary: Correct diagnosis is a big problem because of the differences in symptoms and the severity of the disease among patients. Expanding the knowledge about the clinical course of the disease or its pathogenesis will affect the effectiveness of diagnostics and help to develop new methods of treatment.
References
Jędrych, M. E., Szturmowicz, M., Bestry, I., & Kuś, J., Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych–kryteria rozpoznania, leczenie, rokowanie i zapobieganie. Medycyna Pracy, 2016. 67(4), 517-527. DOI https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00406
Jędrych, M. E., & Kuś, J. Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych–epidemiologia, etiologia, immunopatogeneza, obraz kliniczny. Postępy Nauk Medycznych 1/2016, s. 44-48
Lewandowska, K. „Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis)” Borgis Postępy Nauk Medycznych, 2011.s 274285.
Fal, A. M. Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych allergic alveolitis. Wiadomości Lekarskie, 2020, 73(8), 1593-1599, DOI: 10.36740/WLek202008101
Mark Hamblin , Helmut Prosch , Martina Vašáková, Diagnostyka, przebieg i leczenie zapalenia płuc z nadwrażliwości, Europejski przegląd oddechowy ,2022, 31: 210169; DOI:10.1183/16000617.0169-2021
Spagnolo, P., Rossi, G., Cavazza, A., Bonifazi, M., Paladini, I., Bonella, F., & Costabel, U.,. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a comprehensive review. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology, 2015, 25(4), 237-50.
R. Nogueira, N. Melo, H. Novais e Bastos, N. Martins, L. Delgado, A. Morais, P. C. Mota,, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Antigen diversity and disease implications, Pulmonology, 2019 ,25(2), s 97-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2018.07.003.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Anna Brzyska, Dominika Kopiec, Karolina Kuzioła
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 222
Number of citations: 0