Allergic march: a comprehensive approach to diagnosing, treating and preventing atopic diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.45.01.028Keywords
allergic march, sublingual immunotherapy, atopic dermatitis, asthmaAbstract
The article discusses the phenomenon of allergic march, which is a progressive process of atopic disease development in allergic patients. The inflammatory process changes localization, causing various symptoms such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis and eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergic march has a major impact on the development of asthma and allergic rhinitis. The diversity of allergic march trajectories is due to the interaction of genetic, environmental and psychosocial factors. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial to prevent effectively the progression of allergic diseases. The article also discusses the advantages of sublingual immunotherapy (SILT) in the treatment of allergic diseases. SILT shows safety profile and may be more acceptable treatment option for the patients comparing to the traditional subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). There are evidence of the beneficial effects of SILT in reducing allergy symptoms and improving quality of life in allergic patients.
References
Lowe AJ, Angelica B, Su J, et al. Age at onset and persistence of eczema are related to subsequent risk of asthma and hay fever from birth to 18 years of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2017;28(4):384–390.
Hill DA, Grundmeier RW, Ramos M, Spergel JM. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a late manifestation of the allergic march. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;6(5):1528– 1533.
Gustafsson DO, Sjoberg O, Foucard T. Development of allergies and asthma in € infants and young children with atopic dermatitis−a prospective follow-up to 7 years of age. Allergy. 2000;55(3):240–245.
Hu C, Nijsten T, van Meel ER, et al. Eczema phenotypes and risk of allergic and respiratory conditions in school age children. Clin Transl Allergy. 2020;10:7.
Berdyshev E, Goleva E, Bronova I, et al. Unique skin abnormality in patients with peanut allergy but no atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;147(1):361– 367. e1.
Pullerits T, Ronmark EP, Ekerljung L, et al. The triad of current asthma, rhi-nitis and € eczema is uncommon among adults: prevalence, sensitization profiles, and risk factors. Respir Med. 2021;176: 106250.
Gabet S, Ranciere F, Just J, et al. Asthma and allergic rhinitis risk depends on house dust mite specific IgE levels in Paris birth cohort children. World Allergy Organ J. 2019;12:(9) 100057.
Tsakok T, Marrs T, Mohsin M, et al. Does atopic dermatitis cause food aller-gy? A systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;137(4):1071–1078.
Tran MM, Lefebvre DL, Dharma C, et al. Predicting the atopic march: results from the Canadian healthy infant longitudinal development study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(2):601–607. e8.
Alduraywish SA, Standl M, Lodge CJ, et al. Is there a march from early food sensitization to later childhood allergic airway disease? Results from two prospec-tive birth cohort studies. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2017;28(1):30–37.
Gabryszewski SJ, Dudley J, Grundmeier RW, Hill DA. Early-life environ-mental exposures associate with individual and cumulative allergic morbidity [e-pub ahead of print]. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. doi:10.1111/pai.13486, accessed March 16, 2021.
Sbihi H, Boutin RC, Cutler C, Suen M, Finlay BB, Turvey SE. Thinking big-ger: how early-life environmental exposures shape the gut microbiome and influ-ence the development of asthma and allergic disease. Allergy. 2019;74(11):2103–2115.
Kim H, Sitarik AR, Woodcroft K, Johnson CC, Zoratti E. Birth mode, breast-feeding, pet exposure, and antibiotic use: associations with the gut microbiome and sensitization in children. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019;19(4):22.
Cuppari C, Manti S, Salpietro A, et al. Mode of delivery and risk for devel-opment of atopic diseases in children. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2015;36(5):344–351.
Mitre E, Susi A, Kropp LE, Schwartz DJ, Gorman GH, Nylund CM. Associa-tion between use of acid-suppressive medications and antibiotics during infancy and allergic diseases in early childhood. JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172:(6) e180315.
Peden DB. The “envirome” and what the practitioner needs to know about it. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;123(6):542–549.
Wang B, Chen H, Chan YL, Wang G, Oliver BG. Why do intrauterine expo-sure to air pollution and cigarette smoke increase the risk of asthma? Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:38.
Kirjavainen PV, Karvonen AM, Adams RI, et al. Farm-like indoor microbio-ta in nonfarm homes protects children from asthma development. Nat Med. 2019;25 (7):1089–1095.
Dierick BJH, van der Molen T, Flokstra-de Blok BMJ, et al. Burden and so-cioeconomics of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy. Ex-pert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(5):437–453.
Walker SM, Durham SR, Till SJ, Roberts G, Corrigan CJ, Leech SC, et al. Immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2001;41(9):1177–200
Burks AW, Calderon MA, Casale T, Cox L, Demoly P, Jutel M, et al. Update on allergy immunotherapy: American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunolo-gy/European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology/PRACTALL consen-sus report. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(5):1288–96.
Dhami S, Nurmatov U, Arasi S, Khan T, Asaria M, Zaman H, et al. Allergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2017;72(11):1597– 631. Recent review assessing the effective-ness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of AIT in the management of allergic rhinocon-junctivitis
Dominguez-Ortega J, Delgado J, Blanco C, Prieto L, Arroabarren E, Cimarra M, et al. Specific allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic asthma: a review of current evidence. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2017;27(1 Suppl):1–35. Recent review assessing the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of AIT in the management of asthma
Cox L, Calderon MA. Subcutaneous specific immunotherapy for seasonal al-lergic rhinitis: a review of treatment practices in the US and Europe. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26(12):2723–33.
Scadding GK, Brostoff J. Low dose sublingual therapy in patients with aller-gic rhinitis due to dust mite. Clin Allergy. 1986;16:483– 91.
Bousquet J, Lockey R, Malling HJ. Allergen immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. A WHO position paper. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;102:558–62.
Akdis CA, Barlan IB, Bahceciler N, Akdis M. Immunological mechanisms of sublingual immunotherapy. Allergy. 2006;61(81 Suppl):11–4.
Frati F, Moingeon P, Marcucci F, Puccinelli P, Sensi L, Di Cara G, et al. Mu-cosal immunization application to allergic disease: sublingual immunotherapy. Al-lergy Asthma Proc. 2007;28:35–9
Nurmatov U, Dhami S, Arasi S, Pajno GB, Fernandez-Rivas M, Muraro A, et al. Allergen immunotherapy for IgE-mediated food allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2017;72(8):1133–47. Recent review assessing the ef-fectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of AIT in the management of IgE-mediated food allergy.
Dávila I, Navarro A, Domínguez-Ortega J, Alonso A, AntolínAmérigo D, Diéguez MC, et al. SLIT: indications, follow-up, and management. J Investig Al-lergol Clin Immunol. 2014;24(1 Suppl):1–35. Review of selection criteria for SLIT, efficacy and adverse reactions.
Pajno GB, Caminiti L, Crisafulli G, Vita D, Valenzise M, De Luca R, et al. Direct comparison between continuous and coseasonal regimen for sublingual im-munotherapy in children with grass allergy: a randomized controlled study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011;22:803–7.
Cadario G, Ciprandi G, Di Cara G, Fadel R, Incorvaia C, Marcucci F, et al. Comparison between continuous or intermittent schedules of sublingual immuno-therapy for house dust mites: effects on compliance, patients satisfaction, quality of life and safety. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2008;21(2):471–3.
Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Long-lasting effects of sublingual immunotherapy according to its duration: a 15-year prospective study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126(5):969–75.
Creticos PS, Esch RE, Couroux P, Gentile D, D'Angelo P, Whitlow B, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of standardized ragweed sub-lingual-liquid immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Im-munol. 2014;133(3):751–8.
Hsieh FH. Oral food immunotherapy and iatrogenic eosinophilic esopha-gitis: an acceptable level of risk? Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;113:581–2.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Zuzanna Suwala, Urszula Marchewka, Borys Bieńkowski, Krzysztof Feja, Ewa Łuczak, Krzysztof Jachowicz, Piotr Petryla, Kamil Ostafin, Natalia Rektor, Mikołaj Minkner
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 679
Number of citations: 0
