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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Update on Wilms tumor
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Update on Wilms tumor

Authors

  • Klaudia Kister Students Research Group at the I Departmentof Psychiatry, Psychoterapy and Early Intervention,Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2058-5395
  • Jakub Laskowski Student Scientific Club at the Department of Hematology, Oncology and Children's Transplantology Medical University of Lublin Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-0608
  • Paulina Bronst Provincial Specialist Hospital named after Stefana Kardynał Wyszyński, Independent Public Health Care Center in Lublin, Al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5405-5660
  • Magdalena Mazur Provincial Hospital in Kielce, 45 Grunwaldzka Street, 25-736 Kielce, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8918-2468
  • Aleksandra Małolepsza Bonifraterskie Centrum Medyczne sp. z o.o. Branch in Krakow, ul. Trynitarska 11, 31-061 Krakow https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0645-7824
  • Monika Zach-Źródlak Provincial Multi-specialty Center of Oncology and Traumatology them. M. Copernicus in Łódź st. Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Łódź https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3754-4903
  • Julia Czechowska Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4792-4091
  • Lidia Rosa Independent Public Health Care Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Łódź st. Północna 42, 91–425 Lodz https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1780-4113
  • Natalia Rektor Military Medical Academy Memorial Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz - Central Veterans’ Hospital, Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2910-9452
  • Anna Szabrańska University Clinical Hospital named after Military Medical Academy - Central Veterans Hospital ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3470-5573

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.46.01.031

Keywords

wilms tumor, renal tumor, nephroblastoma

Abstract

Background: Wilms' tumor is the most common childhood renal neoplasm. Among the worst prognosis forms are the bilateral form. The symptom complex is non-specific for malignancy; the first symptoms may include hypertension. Hematuria occurs in 30% of patients. The incidence of distant metastases at the time of diagnosis in children with Wilms' tumor is estimated to be about 20%.The purpose of this article is to present a review of the literature on the standardization of diagnosis, the latest treatment standards and to assess the prognosis of Wilms' Tumor.

Matherial and methods:  Using PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases, the authors reviewed the peer-reviewed international literature from 1980-2023 using the keywords: "Wilms tumor," "renal tumor," "nephroblastoma." 

Discussion: Bilateral tumors have the worst prognosis - according to the National Wilms Tumor Study Group, long-term survival is achieved in only 12% to 56% of patients. The prognosis of Wilms' tumor is also dependent on the occurrence of recurrences - local as well as localized outside the renal tissue. A factor directly affecting long-term survival is recurrence, mainly observed within 24 months after the end of therapy. The limitations of conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in preventing recurrence in WT patients and their potential to cause long-term side effects.

Conclusions:

Bilateral Wilms tumor is associated with more aggressive therapy than unilateral disease.In single kidney disease, therapeutic management is aimed at radical removal of all tumor foci, whereas in bilateral tumor, the goal of any management should additionally be to try to preserve the best possible renal function.

Screening in children is important in cancer. General physicians should refer patients for additional imaging studies when there are any diagnostic doubts, as cancer is characterized by a long, asymptomatic development.

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Published

2023-08-30

How to Cite

1.
KISTER, Klaudia, LASKOWSKI, Jakub, BRONST, Paulina, MAZUR, Magdalena, MAŁOLEPSZA, Aleksandra, ZACH-ŹRÓDLAK, Monika, CZECHOWSKA, Julia, ROSA, Lidia, REKTOR, Natalia and SZABRAŃSKA, Anna. Update on Wilms tumor. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 30 August 2023. Vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 453-467. [Accessed 13 June 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2023.46.01.031.
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Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023)

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Review Articles

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Copyright (c) 2023 Klaudia Kister, Jakub Laskowski, Paulina Bronst, Magdalena Mazur, Aleksandra Małolepsza, Monika Zach-Źródlak, Julia Czechowska, Lidia Rosa, Natalia Rektor, Anna Szabrańska

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

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