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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Venous malformations in children - a literature review
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Venous malformations in children - a literature review

Authors

  • Adam Dobek Medical University of Łódź https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9675-1938
  • Filip Korol Medical University of Lodz, al. Tadeusza Kosciuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8221-2393
  • Michał Symulewicz Independent Public Complex of Health Care Centers in Kozienice, Kozienice, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2177-6040
  • Krzysztof Edyko Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5801-4269
  • Krzysztof Jachowicz Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8075-6266
  • Mikołaj Minkner Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6908-4758
  • Borys Bieńkowski Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7027-2358
  • Krzysztof Feja M. Pirogow Hospital Lodz Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7886-6389
  • Urszula Marchewka 5th Military Clinical Hospital, Krakow, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-7296
  • Ewa Łuczak https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6342-8066

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.45.01.018

Keywords

Vascular malformations, Venous malformations, Treatment, Children

Abstract

Introduction:

Venous malformations are congenital, the most occurring subtype of vascular malformations. They are characterized by slow flow, tortuosity and lack of macular layer within the vessel. Venous malformations can be highly problematic to diagnose and treat, thus differentiation the venous malformations with other diseases in pediatric population is important.  

Aim of the study:

The aim of the study is to summarize the available knowledge about venous malformation in pediatric population. The options in diagnosis, treatment and potential new methods were summarized and described.

Materials and methods

The literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following keywords: “Vascular malformations”, “Venous Malformations”, “Venous malformations treatment, “Children”.

Conclusions:

Venous malformations are an important problem in pediatric population, as a seldom affliction they can be easily misdiagnosed as other diseases and treated inadequately. Widening of awareness of venous malformations and possible methods of diagnosing and treating them is very important to raise quality of health care in children.

References

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ISSVA Classification of Vascular Anomalies ©2018 International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies Available at “issva.org/classification”

Zhuo K, et al. Localised intravascular coagulation complicating venous malformation in children: Associations and therapeutic options. J Paediatr Child Health. Aug;53(8):737-741

Wnęk A, et al. Kontrowersje na temat klasyfikacji histopatologicznej anomalii naczyniowych u dzieci. Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology. Vol 65, No 3 (2015)

Dasgupta R, Patel M Venous malformations Semin Pediatr Surg. 2014 Aug;23(4):198-202

Han Y, Sun L, Yuan S. Localized intravascular coagulation in venous malformations: A system review. Phlebology. 2021 Feb;36(1):38-42

Aronniemi et al. Venous Malformations and Blood Coagulation in Children Children (Basel). 2021 Apr 20:8(4):312.

Mazoyer E et al. Coagulation disorders in patients with venous malformation of the limbs and trunk: a case series of 118 patients. Arch Dermatol Jul;144(7):861-7

Hage N A, et al. Treatment of Venous Malformations: The Data, Where We Are, and How It Is Done Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018 Jun;21(2):45-54

Greene K A, Alomari I A Management of venous malformations Clin Plast Surg. 2011 Jan;38(1):83-93.

Koo H S K, et al. MRI phenotypes of localized intravascular coagulopathy in venous malformations. Pediatr Radiol. 2015 Oct;45(11):1690-5

Maguiness S, et al. Relevance of D-dimer testing in patients with venous malformations. Arch Dermatol. 2009 Nov;145(11):1321-4

Leung et al. D-dimer level correlation with treatment response in children with venous malformations J Pediatr Surg. 2018 Feb;53(2):289-292.

Wiegand S, et al. Surgery in patients with vascular malformations of the head and neck: value of coagulation disorders. Phlebology. 2009 Feb;24(1):38-42

Behravesh et al. Venous malformations: clinical diagnosis and treatment Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2016 Dec;6(6):557-569

Ricci W K et al. Retrospective study of hematologic complications in patients with slow-flow vascular malformations undergoing sclerotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020 Oct;67(10):e28277

Peters A D, et al. Treatment of cystic lymphatic vascular malformations with OK-432 sclerotheraphy Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Nov;118(6)1441-1446

Horbach R E S, et al. Intralesional Bleomycyin Injections for Vascular Malformations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Jan;137(1):244-256

Liu G, et al. Ultrasound-guided intralesional diode laser treatment of congenital extratruncular venous malformations: mid-term results Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2014 May;47(5):558-64.

Budge J E, et al. Venous malformations: Coagulopathy control and treatment methods. Phlebology. 2021 Jun;36(5):361-374

Mack M J, et al. Effect of sirolimus on coagulopathy of slow-flow vascular malformations. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2019 Oct;66(10):e27896

Dabigatran etexilate versus low-molecular weight heparin to control consumptive coagulopathy secondary to diffuse venous vascular malformations Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2016 Mar;27(2):216-9.

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Published

2023-08-29

How to Cite

1.
DOBEK, Adam, KOROL, Filip, SYMULEWICZ, Michał, EDYKO, Krzysztof, JACHOWICZ, Krzysztof, MINKNER, Mikołaj, BIEŃKOWSKI, Borys, FEJA, Krzysztof, MARCHEWKA, Urszula and ŁUCZAK, Ewa. Venous malformations in children - a literature review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 29 August 2023. Vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 257-268. [Accessed 4 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2023.45.01.018.
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Issue

Vol. 45 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Review Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Adam Dobek, Filip Korol, Michał Symulewicz, Krzysztof Edyko, Krzysztof Jachowicz, Mikołaj Minkner, Borys Bieńkowski, Krzysztof Feja, Urszula Marchewka, Ewa Łuczak

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

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