The analysis of the role of probiotics in preventing and reducing the risk of atherosclerosis - literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.46.01.011Keywords
atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, probiotics, preventionAbstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and medium-sized arteries underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular stroke and peripheral vascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is characterized by deposition of modified lipoproteins, accumulation of immune cells and formation of fibrous tissue in the vessel wall. The disease occurs in vessels throughout the body and affects the function of almost all organs, including the lymphatic system, bone marrow, heart, brain, pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Many clinical trials of anti-atherosclerotic drugs have not provided satisfactory results, and their use is associated with a significant residual risk of cardiovascular disease and various side effects.
Probiotics have recently attracted considerable interest for their potential use to prevent atherosclerosis. This review will discuss the mechanisms of effect and impact of probiotics on atherosclerosis risk factors, as well as the potential use of probiotics in the prevention of atherosclerosis, based on a review of the available literature in the PubMed database from 2019 to 2023 using key words on studies related to this topic.
References
Shifa Jebari-Benslaiman, Unai Galicia-García, Asier Larrea-Sebal, Javier Rekondo Olaetxea, Iraide Alloza, Koen Vandenbroeck, Asier Benito-Vicente, César Martín. Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063346. PMID: 35328769. PMCID: PMC8954705
O’Morain, V., & Ramji, D. P. (2019). The Potential of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 1900797. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201900797
J. W. E. Moss, D. P. Ramji, Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2016, 13, 513.
J. W. E. Moss, J. O. Williams, D. P. Ramji, Biochim. Biophy. Acta 2018,
, 1562.
J. E. McLaren, D. R. Michael, T. G. Ashlin, D. P. Ramji, Prog. Lipid Res. 2011, 331.
D. P. Ramji, T. S. Davies, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2015, 26, 673.
Olli Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G Magnussen. Prevention of atherosclerosis from childhood. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00647-9. PMID: 34987194
Ana María Ruiz-León, María Lapuente, Ramon Estruch, Rosa Casas. Clinical Advances in Immunonutrition and Atherosclerosis: A Review. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00837. PMID: 31068933. PMCID: PMC6491827
Liya Anto, Christopher N Blesso. Interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and atherosclerosis: Role of dysbiosis and microbial metabolites on inflammation and disordered lipid metabolism. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108991. PMID: 35331903
Jianglin Fan, Teruo Watanabe. Atherosclerosis: Known and unknown. DOI: 10.1111/pin.13202. PMID: 35076127
Taiyu Zhai, Pingping Wang, Xiumei Hu, Lei Zheng. Probiotics Bring New Hope for Atherosclerosis Prevention and Treatment. DOI: 10.1155/2022/3900835. PMID: 36193065. PMCID: PMC9526629
F. Bendali, K. Kerdouche, S. Hamma-Faradji, and D. Drider, “In vitro and in vivo cholesterol lowering ability of lactobacillus pentosus KF923750,” Beneficial Microbes, vol. 8, pp. 271–280, 2017.
H. Mulhall, J. M. DiChiara, M. Deragon, R. Iyer, O. Huck, and S. Amar, “Akkermansia muciniphila and its pili-like protein amuc_1100 modulate macrophage polarization in experimental periodontitis,” Infection and Immunity, vol. 89, article e00500-20, 2020.
M. Toral, M. Romero, A. Rodriguez-Nogales et al., “Lactobacillus fermentum improves tacrolimus-induced hypertension by restoring vascular redox state and improving eNOS coupling,” Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol. 62, no. 14, article e1800033, 2018.
A. U. Din, A. Hassan, Y. Zhu, T. Yin, H. Gregersen, and G. Wang, “Amelioration of TMAO through probiotics and its potential role in atherosclerosis,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 103, pp. 9217–9228, 2019.
M. Surendran Nair, M. A. Amalaradjou, and K. Venkitanarayanan, “Antivirulence properties of probiotics in combating microbial pathogenesis,” Advances in Applied Microbiology, vol. 98, pp. 1–29, 2017.
H. Noda, H. Iso, F. Irie, T. Sairenchi, E. Ohtaka, and H. Ohta, “Gender difference of association between LDL cholesterol concentrations and mortality from coronary heart disease amongst Japanese: the Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study,” Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 267, pp. 576–587, 2010.
T. Imamura, Y. Doi, H. Arima et al., “LDL cholesterol and the development of stroke subtypes and coronary heart disease in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama study,” Stroke, vol. 40, pp. 382–388, 2009.
Margaret Vourakis, Gaétan Mayer, Guy Rousseau. The role of gut microbiota on cholesterol metabolism in atherosclerosis. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158074. PMID: 34360839. PMCID: PMC8347163
Y. Huang, J. Wang, G. Quan, X. Wang, L. Yang, and L. Zhong, “Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 prevents atherosclerosis via inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption in apolipoprotein e-knockout mice,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 80, pp. 7496–7504, 2014.
Francesco Visioli, Andrea Poli. Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: The Use of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_341. PMID: 31792678
W. Chen, S. Zhang, J. Wu et al., “Butyrate-producing bacteria and the gut-heart axis in atherosclerosis,” Clinica Chimica Acta, vol. 507, pp. 236–241, 2020.
A. Astrup, “Yogurt and dairy product consumption to prevent cardiometabolic diseases: epidemiologic and experimental studies,” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 99, pp. 1235S–1242S, 2014
Q. Zhang, Y. Wu, J. Wang et al., “Accelerated dysbiosis of gut microbiota during aggravation of DSS-induced colitis by a butyrate-producing bacterium,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, p. 27572, 2016.
J. W. E. Moss, J. O. Williams, and D. P. Ramji, “Nutraceuticals as therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis,” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease, vol. 1864, pp. 1562–1572, 2018.
B. K. Ooi, K. G. Chan, B. H. Goh, and W. H. Yap, “The role of natural products in targeting cardiovascular diseases via Nrf2 Pathway: novel molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches,” Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 9, p. 1308, 2018.
L. Rezazadeh, B. P. Gargari, M. A. Jafarabadi, and B. Alipour, “Effects of probiotic yogurt on glycemic indexes and endothelial dysfunction markers in patients with metabolic syndrome,” Nutrition, vol. 62, pp. 162–168, 2019.
M. Malik, T. M. Suboc, S. Tyagi et al., “Lactobacillus plantarum 299v supplementation improves vascular endothelial function and reduces inflammatory biomarkers in men with stable coronary artery disease,” Circulation Research, vol. 123, pp. 1091–1102, 2018.
A. Aboulgheit, C. Karbasiafshar, Z. Zhang et al., “Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic induces Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling and eNOS expression resulting in improvement of myocardial diastolic function,” American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, vol. 321, pp. H839–H849, 2021.
P. Gresele, S. Momi, and G. Guglielmini, “Nitric oxide-enhancing or -releasing agents as antithrombotic drugs,” Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 166, pp. 300–312, 2019.
M. Toral, M. Gomez-Guzman, R. Jimenez et al., “The probiotic Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 reduces the vascular pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in obese mice,” Clinical Science, vol. 127, pp. 33–45, 2014.
T. Imamura, Y. Doi, H. Arima et al., “LDL cholesterol and the development of stroke subtypes and coronary heart disease in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama study,” Stroke, vol. 40, pp. 382–388, 2009
Y. Sun, Y. Wu, Y. Jiang, and H. Liu, “Aerobic exercise inhibits inflammatory response in atherosclerosis via Sestrin1 protein,” Experimental Gerontology, vol. 155, article 111581, 2021.
I. K. Kwaifa, H. Bahari, Y. K. Yong, and S. M. Noor, “Endothelial dysfunction in obesity-induced inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications,” Biomolecules, vol. 10, 2020.
Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan, Arsalan Salari, Jalal Kheirkhah, Zeinab Ghorbani. The Effects of Probiotics on Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Atherosclerosis Progression: A Mechanistic Overview. DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.09.006. PMID: 35153150
M. Primec, M. Klemenak, D. Di Gioia et al., “Clinical intervention using Bifidobacterium strains in celiac disease children reveals novel microbial modulators of TNF-alpha and short-chain fatty acids,” Clinical Nutrition, vol. 38, pp. 1373–1381, 2019.
S. K. Han and D. H. Kim, “Lactobacillus mucosae and Bifidobacterium longum synergistically alleviate immobilization stress-induced anxiety/depression in mice by suppressing gut dysbiosis,” Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 29, pp. 1369–1374, 2019.
A. Rodriguez-Nogales, F. Algieri, J. Garrido-Mesa et al., “Differential intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus salivarius in DSS mouse colitis: impact on microRNAs expression and microbiota composition,” Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol. 61, 2017.
V. Ostadmohammadi, M. Jamilian, F. Bahmani, and Z. Asemi, “Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome,” Journal of Ovarian Research, vol. 12, p. 5, 2019.
M. Xie, Q. Tang, J. Nie et al., “BMAL1-downregulation aggravates porphyromonas gingivalis-induced atherosclerosis by encouraging oxidative stress,” Circulation Research, vol. 126, pp. e15–e29, 2020
N. J. Sethi, S. Safi, S. K. Korang et al., “Antibiotics for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 2, article CD003610, 2021.
S. U. Islam, “clinical uses of probiotics,” Medicine (Baltimore), vol. 95, article e2658, 2016.
B. M. C. Geraldo, M. N. Batalha, N. V. M. Milhan, R. D. Rossoni, L. Scorzoni, and A. L. Anbinder, “Heat-killed Lactobacillus reuteri and cell-free culture supernatant have similar effects to viable probiotics during interaction with Porphyromonas gingivalis,” Journal of Periodontal Research, vol. 55, pp. 215–220, 2020.
N. Westerik, G. Reid, W. Sybesma, and R. Kort, “The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus for alleviation of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric pathology in East Africa,” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 9, p. 1873, 2018.
M. Hirasawa and T. Kurita-Ochia, “Probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolated from saliva of periodontally healthy individuals,” Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, vol. 18, pp. 563–570, 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Monika Łapaj, Małgorzata Cholewa, Agnieszka Gawryś, Joanna Wilk, Julia Czarnota, Katarzyna Cichoń, Magdalena Zapała, Piotr Wójcik, Małgorzata Chyćko, Agnieszka Środoń
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 270
Number of citations: 0
