The effect of antioxidants on the course and prevention of Alzheimer's disease on the example of vitamin E
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.46.01.015Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, vitamin E, oxidative stressAbstract
Introduction and purpose of the work
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. A small proportion of cases have a genetic etiology. Other factors that influence the development of Alzheimer's disease include old age, family history of the disease, head trauma, hypertension in middle age, excessive body weight, diabetes, as well as elevated plasma cholesterol levels. In the course of this disease, there is accumulation of β-amyloid and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NETs) phosphorylated tau. Oxidative stress is a significant factor influencing induction in the course of Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of vitamin E on the course and prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
State of the knowledge
Currently, there is no known effective treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease. Given the properties of vitamin E, it seems reasonable to conduct research on its possible positive effects in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the role of vitamin E supplementation in the course of this disease. Many of them have shown a positive effect of eating a diet rich in vitamin E or taking this vitamin in the form of supplements on slowing the rate of progression of the disease and reducing the risk of its onset. However, there are also studies in which the role of vitamin E has not been confirmed.
Summary
Due to its properties, vitamin E can be considered as a means to reduce the risk of developing and progressing Alzheimer’s disease, but studies conducted so far are ambiguous on this issue. Further analysis should be carried out to confirm the efficacy of vitamin E in Alzheimer’s disease.
References
Rostagno AA. Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 21;24(1):107. doi: 10.3390/ijms24010107. PMID: 36613544; PMCID: PMC9820480.
Alzheimer's disease facts and figures in 2021. Alzheimer's Dementia. 2021, 17,327-406
Rostagno, A.; Holton, JL; Lashley, T; Revesz T.; Ghiso, J. . Cerebral amyloidosis: amyloid subunits, mutants and phenotypes. Mole cell. The science of life. 2010, 67, 581-600.
Karch, C.M.; Goate, AM Alzheimer's Disease Risk Genes and Mechanisms of Disease Pathogenesis. Biol. Psychiatry. 2015, 77, 43-51.
Barnard ND, Bush AI, Ceccarelli A, Cooper J, de Jager CA, Erickson KI, Fraser G, Kesler S, Levin SM, Lucey B, Morris MC, Squitti R. Dietary and lifestyle guidelines for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2014 Sep;35 Suppl 2:S74-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.033. Epub 2014 May 14. PMID: 24913896.
Bendlin, BB, Carlsson CM Gleason, CE, Johnson, SC, Sodhi, A., Gallagher, CL, Puglielli, L. Engelman, CD, Ries, ML Xu, G., Wharton, W., Asthana, S., 2010.
Beura SK, Dhapola R, Panigrahi AR, Yadav P, Reddy DH, Singh SK. Redefining oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease: Targeting platelet reactive oxygen species for novel therapeutic options. Life Sci. 2022 Oct 1;306:120855. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120855. Epub 2022 Aug 1. PMID: 35926591.
Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, Chetelat G, Holtzman DM, B, T. Hyman, RA Nixon, DT Jones, Choroba Alzheimera, Nat. Ks. Dis. Podkłady. 71 (7) (2021) 1 – 21, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00269-y, 2021.
Berman K, Brodaty H. Tocopherol (vitamin E) in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. CNS Drugs. 2004;18(12):807-25. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200418120-00005. PMID: 15377170.
Schippling S, Kontush A, Arlt S, et al. Increased lipoprotein oxidation in Alzheimer’s disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2000; 28 (3): 351-60
Varadarajan S, Yatin S, Aksenova M, et al. Review: Alzheimer’s amyloid beta-peptide-associated free radical oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. J Struct Biol 2000; 130 (2-3): 184-208
Butterfield DA. β-Amyloid-associated free radical oxidative stress and neurotoxicity: implications for Alzheimer’s diseas. Chem Res Toxicol 1997; 10 (5): 495-506
McGreer, P. L. and McGreer, E. G. (2007) NSAIDs and Alzheimer disease: epidemiologic, animal model and clinical studies. Neurobiol. Aging 28, 639–647.
Sultana, R.; Butterfield, D.A. Oxidative Modification of Brain Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease: Perspective on Future Studies Based on Results of Redox Proteomics Studies. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2013, 33, S243–S251.
Mecocci, P.; Boccardi, V.; Cecchetti, R.; Bastiani, P.; Scamosci, M.; Ruggiero, C.; Baroni, M. A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer’s Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2018, 62, 1319–1335.
Allan Butterfield, D.; Howard, B.; Yatin, S.; Koppal, T.; Drake, J.; Hensley, K.; Aksenov, M.; Aksenova, M.; Subramaniam, R.;Varadarajan, S.; et al. Elevated Oxidative Stress in Models of Normal Brain Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease. Life Sci. 1999, 65, 1883–1892.
Boccardi V, Poli G, Cecchetti R, Bastiani P, Scamosci M, Febo M, Mazzon E, Bruscoli S, Brancorsini S, Mecocci P. miRNAs and Alzheimer's Disease: Exploring the Role of Inflammation and Vitamin E in an Old-Age Population. Nutrients. 2023 Jan 26;15(3):634. doi: 10.3390/nu15030634. PMID: 36771341; PMCID: PMC9919026.
Wang, W.Y.; Tan, M.S.; Yu, J.T.; Tan, L. Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Released from Microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease. Ann. Transl. Med. 2015, 3, 136.
Leung, R.; Proitsi, P.; Simmons, A.; Lunnon, K.; Güntert, A.; Kronenberg, D.; Pritchard, M.; Tsolaki, M.; Mecocci, P.; Kloszewska, I.; et al. Inflammatory Proteins in Plasma Are Associated with Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, 64971.
B. DA, H. B, Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 20 (2019) 148–160, https://doi.org/10.1038/ S41583-019-0132-6.
D.S. Knopman, H. Amieva, R.C. Petersen, G. Ch´etelat, D.M. Holtzman, B. T. Hyman, R.A. Nixon, D.T. Jones, Alzheimer disease, Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 71 (7) (2021) 1–21, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00269-y, 2021.
Vińa J, Lloret A, Ortí R, Alonso D. Molecular bases of the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease with antioxidants: prevention of oxidative stress. Mol Aspects Med. 2004;25(1-2):117-123.
Kryscio RJ, Abner EL, Caban-Holt A, Lovell M, Goodman P, Darke AK, Yee M, Crowley J, Schmitt FA. Association of Antioxidant Supplement Use and Dementia in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease by Vitamin E and Selenium Trial (PREADViSE). JAMA Neurol. 2017 May 1;74(5):567-573. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.5778. PMID: 28319243; PMCID: PMC5506489.
H. Sies, D.P. Jones, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 217 (21) (2020) 363–383, https://doi. org/10.1038/s41580-020-0230-3, 2020.
Farina N, Llewellyn D, Isaac MGEKN, Tabet N. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 18;4(4):CD002854. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002854.pub5. PMID: 28418065; PMCID: PMC6478142.
Brodaty H, Sachdev PS. Drugs for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Med J Aust 1997; 167 (8): 447-9, 452
Brodaty H, Ames D, Boundy KL, et al. Pharmacological treatment of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease. Med J Aust 2001; 175 (6): 324-9
Passeri E, Elkhoury K, Morsink M, Broersen K, Linder M, Tamayol A, Malaplate C, Yen FT, Arab-Tehrany E. Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 12;23(22):13954. doi: 10.3390/ijms232213954. PMID: 36430432; PMCID: PMC9697769.
Rota C, Rimbach G, Minihane AM, Stoecklin E, Barella L.Dietary vitamin E modulates differential gene expression in the rat hippocampus: potential implications for its neuroprotective properties. Nutr Neurosci. 2005;8(1):21–29. doi:10.1080/ 10284150400027123
Usoro OB, Mousa SA. Vitamin E forms in Alzheimer's disease: a review of controversial and clinical experiences. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010 May;50(5):414-9. doi: 10.1080/10408390802304222. PMID: 20373187.
Casati M, Boccardi V, Ferri E, Bertagnoli L, Bastiani P, Ciccone S, Mansi M, Scamosci M, Rossi PD, Mecocci P, Arosio B. Vitamin E and Alzheimer's disease: the mediating role of cellular aging. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020 Mar;32(3):459-464. doi: 10.1007/s40520-019-01209-3. Epub 2019 May 3. PMID: 31054115.
US Department of Health and Human Services, National Insti- tutes of Health. Vitamin E [online]. Available from URL: http://www.nih.gov/.[Accessed 2003 May 20]
Sokol RJ. The coming of age of vitamin E. Hepatology 1989; 9 (4): 649-53
Grundman M. Vitamin E and Alzheimer disease: the basis for additional clinical trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71 (2): 630-636S
Marseglia A, Xu W, Fratiglioni L et al (2018) Effect of the NUAGE diet on cognitive functioning in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Front Physiol 9:349. https ://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00349
Dysken MW, Sano M, Asthana S, Vertrees JE, Pallaki M, Llorente M, Love S, Schellenberg GD, McCarten JR, Malphurs J, Prieto S, Chen P, Loreck DJ, Trapp G, Bakshi RS, Mintzer JE, Heidebrink JL, Vidal-Cardona A, Arroyo LM, Cruz AR, Zachariah S, Kowall NW, Chopra MP, Craft S, Thielke S, Turvey CL, Woodman C, Monnell KA, Gordon K, Tomaska J, Segal Y, Peduzzi PN, Guarino PD. Effect of vitamin E and memantine on functional decline in Alzheimer disease: the TEAM-AD VA cooperative randomized trial. JAMA. 2014 Jan 1;311(1):33-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.282834. Erratum in: JAMA. 2014 Mar 19;311(11):1161. PMID: 24381967; PMCID: PMC4109898.
Huang, H.Y., Appel, L.J., 2003. Supplementation of diets with a-tocopherol reduces serum concentrations of g- and d-tocopherol in humans. J. Nutr. 133, 3137e3140
Xu W, Tan L, Wang HF, Jiang T, Tan MS, Tan L, Zhao QF, Li JQ, Wang J, Yu JT. Meta-analysis of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Dec;86(12):1299-306. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-310548. Epub 2015 Aug 20. PMID: 26294005.
Browne D, McGuinness B, Woodside JV, McKay GJ. Vitamin E and Alzheimer's disease: what do we know so far? Clin Interv Aging. 2019 Jul 18;14:1303-1317. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S186760. PMID: 31409980; PMCID: PMC6645610.
Giraldo E, Lloret A, Fuchsberger T, Viña J. Aβ and tau toxicities in Alzheimer’s are linked via oxidative stress-induced p38 activation: protective role of vitamin E. Redox Biol. 2014;2:873–877.doi:10.1016/j.redox.2014.03.002
Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study. JAMA. 2002;287(24):3230–3237.
Engelhart MJ, Geerlings MI, Ruitenberg A, et al. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease. JAMA. 2002;287 (24):3223– 3229.
Tantcheva, L.P.; Stoeva, E.S.; Galabov, A.S.; Braykova, A.A.; Savov, V.M.; Mileva, M.M. Effect of vitamin E and vitamin C combination on experimental influenza virus infection. Methods Find Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 2003, 25, 259–264.
Ding H, Reiss AB, Pinkhasov A, Kasselman LJ. Plants, Plants, and More Plants: Plant-Derived Nutrients and Their Protective Roles in Cognitive Function, Alzheimer's Disease, and Other Dementias. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Jul 30;58(8):1025. doi: 10.3390/medicina58081025. PMID: 36013492; PMCID: PMC9414574.
Zandi, P.P.; Anthony, J.C.; Khachaturian, A.S.; Stone, S.V.; Gustafson, D.; Tschanz, J.T.; Norton, M.C.;Welsh-Bohmer, K.A.; Breitner, J.C.S.; Cache County Study Group. Reduced risk of Alzheimer disease in users of antioxidant vitamin supplements: The Cache County Study. Arch. Neurol. 2004, 61, 82–88.
Engelhart, M.J. Dietary Intake of Antioxidants and Risk of Alzheimer Disease. JAMA 2002, 287, 3223.
Luchsinger, J.A.; Tang, M.X.; Shea, S.; Mayeux, R. Antioxidant vitamin intake and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 2003, 60, 203–208.
Gugliandolo A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Role of Vitamin E in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence from Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 23;18(12):2504. doi: 10.3390/ijms18122504. PMID: 29168797; PMCID: PMC5751107.
Morris, M.C.; Evans, D.A.; Bienias, J.L.; Tangney, C.C.; Wilson, R.S. Vitamin E and cognitive decline in older persons. Arch. Neurol.2002, 59, 1125–1132.
Morris, M.C.; Evans, D.A.; Tangney, C.C.; Bienias, J.L.;Wilson, R.S.; Aggarwal, N.T.; Scherr, P.A. Relation of the tocopherol forms to incident alzheimer disease and to cognitive change. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005, 81, 508–514.
Joshi YB, Praticò D. Vitamin E in aging, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Biofactors. 2012 Mar-Apr;38(2):90-7. doi: 10.1002/biof.195. Epub 2012 Mar 16. PMID: 22422715.
Block, M. L. (2008) NADPH oxidase as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease. BMC Neurosci. 9 (Suppl 2),S8.
Chu, J., and Pratico` , D. (2011) 5-lipoxygenase as an endogenous modulator of amyloid beta formation in vivo. Ann. Neurol. 69, 34–46.
Voronkov, M., Braithwaite, S. P., and Stock, J. B. (2011) Phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A: a novel druggable target for Alzheimer’s disease. Future Med. Chem. 3, 821–833.
Klapcinska, B.; Derejczyk, J.; Wieczorowska-Tobis, K.; Sobczak, A.; Sadowska-Krepa, E.; Danch, A. Antioxidant defense in centenarians (a preliminary study). Acta Biochim. Pol. 2000, 47, 281–292.
La Fata G, Weber P, Mohajeri MH. Effects of vitamin E on cognitive performance during ageing and in Alzheimer's disease. Nutrients. 2014 Nov 28;6(12):5453-72. doi: 10.3390/nu6125453. PMID: 25460513; PMCID: PMC4276978.
Lloret A, Esteve D, Monllor P, Cervera-Ferri A, Lloret A. The Effectiveness of Vitamin E Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 18;20(4):879. doi: 10.3390/ijms20040879. PMID: 30781638; PMCID: PMC6412423.
Kontush K, Schekatolina S. Vitamin E in neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1031:249-62. doi: 10.1196/annals.1331.025. PMID: 15753151.
QUINN, J., J. SUH, M.M. MOORE, et al. 2003. Antioxidants in Alzheimer’s disease: vitamin C delivery to a demanding brain. J. Alzheimers Dis. 5: 309–313.
Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, Maveux R. Antioxidant vitamin intake and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003;60 (2):203–208.
Corrigan, J.J. The Effect of Vitamin E onWarfarin-Induced Vitamin K Deficiency. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1982, 393, 361–368.
Regner-Nelke L, Nelke C, Schroeter CB, Dziewas R, Warnecke T, Ruck T, Meuth SG. Enjoy Carefully: The Multifaceted Role of Vitamin E in Neuro-Nutrition. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 18;22(18):10087. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810087. PMID: 34576251; PMCID: PMC8466828.
Regner-Nelke L, Nelke C, Schroeter CB, Dziewas R, Warnecke T, Ruck T, Meuth SG. Enjoy Carefully: The Multifaceted Role of Vitamin E in Neuro-Nutrition. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 18;22(18):10087. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810087. PMID: 34576251; PMCID: PMC8466828.
Roberts, H. J. (1981). Perspective on vitamin E as therapy. JAMA 246, 129–131. doi: 10.1001/jama.1981.03320020021015
Satia-Abouta, J., Kristal, A. R., Patterson, R. E., Littman, A. J., Stratton, K. L., and White, E. (2003). Dietary supplement use and medical conditions: the VITAL study. Am. J. Prev. Med. 24, 43–51. doi: 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00571-8
Zhao R, Han X, Zhang H, Liu J, Zhang M, Zhao W, Jiang S, Li R, Cai H, You H. Association of vitamin E intake in diet and supplements with risk of dementia: A meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Aug 1;14:955878. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.955878. PMID: 35978949; PMCID: PMC9376618.
Miller, E. R. III, Pastor-Barriuso, R., Dalal, D., Riemersma, R. A., Appel, L. J., and Guallar, E. (2005). Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann. Intern. Med. 142, 37–46. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-142-1-200501040-00110
Ribeiro, V. S., Cabral, E. V., Vieira, L. D., Aires, R. S., Farias, J. S., Muzi-Filho, H., et al. (2018). Perinatal a-tocopherol overload programs alterations in kidney development and renal angiotensin II signaling pathways at birth and at juvenile age: mechanisms underlying the development of elevated blood pressure. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis. 1864, 2458–2471. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.04.007
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Agnieszka Gawryś, Małgorzata Maria Cholewa, Agata Kromer, Joanna Wilk, Katarzyna Cichoń, Magdalena Alicja Zapała, Monika Łapaj, Małgorzata Chyćko, Agnieszka Środoń, Julia Czarnota
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 295
Number of citations: 0