Assessment of the knowledge of people training amateur strength sports about the squat and its variations and the benefits from this fact
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.29.01.012Keywords
knowledge of people, strength sports, squatAbstract
Entry
The squat pattern is present in the life of every human being from his earliest years. In sports, the squat is one of the most popular exercises, used in almost every discipline in countless variations by both professionals and amateurs. Due to its biomechanics and the degree of involvement of the nervous system and the musculoskeletal system, its use is an essential training link in any plan aimed at developing muscle mass, strength and endurance. The squat pattern is also used in medicine, rehabilitation and improving people suffering from all kinds of injuries and dysfunctions of the locomotor system.
Material and methods
The study used the diagnostic survey method, with the use of a proprietary questionnaire consisting of 37 questions. The study was conducted among a group of 250 men aged 20-50 practicing amateur strength sports.
Conclusions
The current state of knowledge about the squat technique (high bar, low bar, front squat) among men practicing strength sports as amateurs is at an insufficient level. Respondents did not show sufficient knowledge about the impact of squats on the human body.
References
Horsching A, Sonthana K, Neff T. The Squat Bible. The Ultimate Guide to Mastering the Squat and Finding Your True Strength.- Dr Aaron Horsching. 2016.
Starrett K, Cordoza G. Bądź sprawny jak lampart. Jak pozbyć się bólu uniknąć kontuzji i zwiększyć sprawność.- Galaktyka; Łódź, 2017.
Rippetoe M, Bradford S. Zacznij od siły. Kultowy poradnik treningu ze sztangą. Galaktyka; Łódź 2018, wyd I, ISBN: 978-83-7579-669-8.
Pacek A, Babiarz M. Sekrety przygotowania motorycznego w sporcie. Kompletny przewodnik dla sportowców i trenerów. ISBN: 978-83-953678-0-9.
Glassbrook D; Helms E, Brown R, Scott R, Storey A. A Review of the Biomechanical Differences Between the High-Bar and Low-Bar Back-Squat, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research: September 2017 - Volume 31 - Issue 9 - p 2618-2634.
Glassbrook DJ, Brown SR, Helms ER, Duncan S, Storey AG. The High-Bar and Low-Bar Back-Squats: A Biomechanical Analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Jul;33 Suppl 1:S1-S18.
Wretenberg, Per; Feng, Yi; Arborelius, Ulf P. High- and low-bar squatting techniques during weight- training, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: February 1996 - Volume 28 - Issue 2 - p 218-224.
Myer GD, Kushner AM, Brent JL, et al. The back squat: A proposed assessment of functional deficits and technical factors that limit performance. Strength Cond J. 2014;36(6):4-27. doi:10.1519/SSC.0000000000000103.
Schoenfeld, Brad J Squatting Kinematics and Kinetics and Their Application to Exercise Performance, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research: December 2010 - Volume 24 - Issue 12 - p 3497-3506.
Bishop, Chris MSc; Turner, Anthony PhD, CSCS*D Integrated Approach to Correcting the High-Bar Back Squat From “Excessive Forward Leaning”, Strength and Conditioning Journal: December 2017 - Volume 39 - Issue 6 - p 46- 53.
Rhea, Matthew & Kenn, Joseph & Peterson, Mark & Massey, Drew & Simão, Roberto & Marín, Pedro & Favero, Mike & Cardozo, Diogo & Krein, Darren. (2016). Joint-Angle Specific Strength Adaptations Influence Improvements in Power in Highly Trained Athletes. Human Movement. 17. 10.1515/humo-2016- 0006.
Neitzel, Jennifer & Davies, George. (2000). The Benefits and Controversy of the Parallel Squat in Strength Training and Rehabilitation. Strength & Conditioning Journal. 22. 30. 10.1519/00126548-200006000-00008.
Fry AC, Smith JC, Schilling BK. Effect of knee position on hip and knee torques during the barbell squat. J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Nov;17(4):629-33. doi: 10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0629:eokpoh>2.0.co;2. PMID: 14636100.
Escamilla, Rafael F. Knee biomechanics of the dynamic squat exercise, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise: January 2001 - Volume 33 - Issue 1 - p 127-141.
Hartmann H, Wirth K, Klusemann M. Analysis of the load on the knee joint and vertebral column with changes in squatting depth and weight load. Sports Med. 2013 Oct;43(10):993-1008. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0073-6. PMID: 23821469.
Kernozek, T. W., Gheidi, N., Zellmer, M., Hove, J., Heinert, B. L., & Torry, M. R. (2018). Effects of Anterior Knee Displacement During Squatting on Patellofemoral Joint Stress. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 27(3), 237–243. doi:10.1123/jsr.2016-0197.
Diggin, David & O'Regan, Ciaran & Whelan, Niamh & Daly, Scott & McLoughlin, V. & McNamara, L. & Reilly, A.. (2011). A biomechanical Analysis of front and back squat: injury implications.
Rudavsky A, Cook J. Physiotherapy management of patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee). J Physiother. 2014 Sep;60(3):122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2014.06.022. Epub 2014 Aug 3. PMID: 25092419.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Agata Kupczak, Anna Dolińska, Kacper Zając, Krzysztof Suszyński, Jan Latos, Mikołaj Górka, Dariusz Górka
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 240
Number of citations: 0