Humanities
Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
  • Register
  • Login
  • Menu
  • Home
  • Current
  • Archives
  • Announcements
  • About
    • About the Journal
    • Submissions
    • Editorial Team
    • Privacy Statement
    • Contact
  • Register
  • Login

Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Sweet Syndrome - A Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Home
  • /
  • Sweet Syndrome - A Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
  1. Home /
  2. Archives /
  3. Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023) /
  4. Review Articles

Sweet Syndrome - A Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment

Authors

  • Agnieszka Błaszczyk Zagłębiowskie Centrum Onkologii im. Sz. Starkiewicza w Dąbrowie Górniczej https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3460-1514
  • Sara Trojan Zagłębiowskie Centrum Onkologii im. Sz. Starkiewicza w Dąbrowie Górniczej https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9628-6726
  • Urszula Fussek-Styga Okręgowy Szpital Kolejowy w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9358-8673
  • Jakub Kwieciński Zagłębiowskie Centrum Onkologii im. Sz. Starkiewicza w Dąbrowie Górniczej https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1219-7138
  • Sławomir Miszuda Zagłębiowskie Centrum Onkologii Szpital Specjalistyczny im Sz. Starkiewicza w Dąbrowie Górniczej https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4085-3653
  • Bartosz Basiaga Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8300-0674
  • Krzysztof Bednarz Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8910-1697
  • Agata Szwedkowicz Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1285-2643
  • Marek Leśniak Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny MEGREZ Sp. z o.o. w Tychach https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0720-9997
  • Jakub Heluszka Zespół Zakładów Opieki Zdrowotnej w Cieszynie https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6965-8073

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.30.01.004

Keywords

Sweet Syndrome, Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis, Neutrophilic dermatosis of dorsal hands, Drug-induced Sweet’s syndrome, Malignancy-associated Sweet’s syndrome, Sweet’s syndrome treatment, Pathergy Phenomenon

Abstract

Sweet syndrome is a rare, inflammatory, non-infectious skin disorder characterized by an acute onset of skin leasions such as painful, erythematous plaques, nodules and papules, most frequently located on the upper extremities, trunk, neck and face. Generally, dermatological symptoms are accompanied by fever, headaches, arthralgia and leukocytosis. The syndrome belongs to the group of febrile neutrophilic dermatoses. Skin biopsy reveals a diffuse, neutrophilic infiltrate in the upper dermis. Sweet syndrome presents in three clinical subtypes: classical, malignancy-associated and drug-induced. The etiology of this disease still remains unclear, but it seems that can be associated with dysfunction of the immune system, genetic predispostion and neoplastic process. Sweet syndrome has been reported in relation to pregnancy, drug administration, vaccinaton and infection of the respiratory or digestive system. Systemic glucocorticosteroids still remain the first line treatment for most patients, nevertheless new therapeutic options against reccurent Sweet syndrome have been investigated.

References

Sweet RD. An acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis Br J Dermatol. 1964 Aug-Sep; 76:349-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb14541.x. PMID: 14201182.

Vashisht P, Goyal A, Hearth Holmes MP. Sweet Syndrome. 2022 Sep 12. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–. PMID: 28613704.

Villarreal-Villarreal CD, Ocampo-Candiani J, Villarreal-Martínez A. Sweet Syndrome: A Review and Update. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016 Jun;107(5):369-78. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2015.12.001. Epub 2016 Jan 27. PMID: 26826881.

Cohen PR. Sweet's syndrome--a comprehensive review of an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007 Jul 26; 2:34. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-34. PMID: 17655751; PMCID: PMC1963326.

Heath MS, Ortega-Loayza AG. Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Sweet's Syndrome. Front Immunol. 2019 Mar 12; 10:414. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00414. PMID: 30930894; PMCID: PMC6424218.

Weiss EH, Ko CJ, Leung TH, Micheletti RG, Mostaghimi A, Ramachandran SM, Rosenbach M, Nelson CA. Neutrophilic Dermatoses: a Clinical Update. Curr Dermatol Rep. 2022;11(2):89-102. doi: 10.1007/s13671-022-00355-8. Epub 2022 Mar 16. PMID: 35310367; PMCID: PMC8924564.

Pérez-Feal P, Pita da Veiga G, Moreiras-Arias N, Buján-Bonino C, Suárez-Peñaranda JM, Rodríguez-Granados MT. Sweet's syndrome triggered by ultraviolet light. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Jun; 34:102258. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102258. Epub 2021 Mar 15. PMID: 33737218.

Nelson CA, Stephen S, Ashchyan HJ, James WD, Micheletti RG, Rosenbach M. Neutrophilic dermatoses: Pathogenesis, Sweet syndrome, neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, and Behçet disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Dec;79(6):987-1006. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.11.064. Epub 2018 Apr 11. PMID: 29653210.

Ramsey AL, Wallace WD, Abtin F, Suh JD, Liang LL, Shah S, Lynch JP 3rd, Belperio J, Derhovanessian A, Britton I, Sayah DM, Shino MY, Weigt SS, Saggar R. Sweet's Syndrome: A First in Human Lung Transplantation. Chest. 2021 Aug;160(2): e173-e176. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.04.018. PMID: 34366039; PMCID: PMC8411443.

Cohen PR, Kurzrock R. Sweet’s syndrome revisited: a review of disease concepts. Int J Dermatol. 2003:761-78.

Zhou AE, Weddington CM, Ge S, Hoegler KM, Driscoll MS. Pediatric sweet syndrome. Clin Case Rep. 2021 Oct 19;9(10): e04762. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.4762. PMID: 34707864; PMCID: PMC8527021.

Stepien AL, Perniciaro C, Kwong P, Rosario-Collazo J, Krishnamurthy K. Infantile histiocytoid Sweet syndrome without an underlying systemic association. JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Oct 5; 17:96-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.09.025. PMID: 34746348; PMCID: PMC8551784.

Bechtold A, Owczarczyk-Saczonek A. Atypical presentation of Sweet syndrome with nodular erythema and oral ulcerations provoked by Ad26.COV2.S SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and review of literature. Dermatol Ther. 2022 Dec;35(12): e15923. doi: 10.1111/dth.15923. Epub 2022 Oct 23. PMID: 36219526; PMCID: PMC9874627.

Sechi A, Pierobon E, Pezzolo E, Germi L, Trevisan G, Zardo D, Riva G, Mondino S, Naldi L. Abrupt onset of Sweet syndrome, pityriasis rubra pilaris, pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and erythema multiforme: unravelling a possible common trigger, the COVID-19 vaccine. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):437-440. doi: 10.1111/ced.14970. Epub 2021 Oct 21. PMID: 34617317; PMCID: PMC8652785.

Su WP, Liu HN. Diagnostic criteria for Sweet's syndrome. Cutis. 1986 Mar;37(3):167-74. PMID: 3514153.

von den Driesch P. Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis). J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Oct;31(4):535-56; quiz 557-60. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(94)70215-2. PMID: 8089280.

Walker DC, Cohen PR. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-associated acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis: case report and review of drug-induced Sweet's syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 2):918-23. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(96)90080-8. PMID: 8621829.

Corbeddu M, Pilloni L, Pau M, Pinna AL, Rongioletti F, Atzori L. Treatment of Sweet's syndrome in pregnancy. Dermatol Ther. 2018 Jul;31(4): e12619. doi: 10.1111/dth.12619. Epub 2018 Jul 25. PMID: 30043469.

Kinser KN, Panach K, Dominguez AR. Recurrent Malignancy-Associated Atypical Neutrophilic Dermatosis With Noninfectious Shock. Am J Med Sci. 2017 Dec;354(6):626-632. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Oct 20. PMID: 29208261.

Sanchez IM, Lowenstein S, Johnson KA, Babik J, Haag C, Keller JJ, Ortega-Loayza AG, Cohen J, McCalmont TH, Demer AM, Mansh MD, Hylwa SA, Liu J, Shinkai K. Clinical Features of Neutrophilic Dermatosis Variants Resembling Necrotizing Fasciitis. JAMA Dermatol. 2019 Jan 1;155(1):79-84. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.3890. PMID: 30383110; PMCID: PMC6439570.

Shahid Z, Kalayanamitra R, Patel R, Groff A, Jain R. Refractory Sweet Syndrome Treated with Anakinra. Cureus. 2019 Apr 24;11(4): e4536. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4536. PMID: 31263644; PMCID: PMC6592472.

Paydaş S, Sahin B, Seyrek E, Soylu M, Gonlusen G, Acar A, Tuncer I. Sweet's syndrome associated with G-CSF. Br J Haematol. 1993 Sep;85(1):191-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1993.tb08668.x. PMID: 7504506.

Kumar G, Bernstein JM, Waibel JS, Baumann MA. Sweet's syndrome associated with sargramostim (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) treatment. Am J Hematol. 2004 Jul;76(3):283-5. doi: 10.1002/ajh.20112. PMID: 15224368.

Nelson CA, Noe MH, McMahon CM, Gowda A, Wu B, Ashchyan HJ, Perl AE, James WD, Micheletti RG, Rosenbach M. Sweet syndrome in patients with and without malignancy: A retrospective analysis of 83 patients from a tertiary academic referral center. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Feb;78(2):303-309.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.09.013. Epub 2017 Oct 26. PMID: 29107342.

Kawakami T, Ohashi S, Kawa Y, Takahama H, Ito M, Soma Y, Mizoguchi M. Elevated serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels in patients with active phase of sweet syndrome and patients with active behcet disease: implication in neutrophil apoptosis dysfunction. Arch Dermatol. 2004 May;140(5):570-4. doi: 10.1001/archderm.140.5.570. PMID: 15148101.

Takahama H, Kanbe T. Neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands: a case showing HLA B54, the marker of Sweet's syndrome. Int J Dermatol. 2010 Sep;49(9):1079-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04422.x. PMID: 20883277.

Miyoshi T, Yamashita K, Ohno T, Izumi T, Takaori-Kondo A, Sasada M, Uchiyama T. Familial Mediterranean fever gene as a possible modifier of Sweet syndrome with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Acta Haematol. 2008;120(1):57-62. doi: 10.1159/000158578. Epub 2008 Sep 30. PMID: 18824843.

Jo T, Horio K, Migita K. Sweet's syndrome in patients with MDS and MEFV mutations. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 12;372(7):686-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1412998. PMID: 25671271.

Neoh CY, Tan AW, Ng SK. Sweet's syndrome: a spectrum of unusual clinical presentations and associations. Br J Dermatol. 2007 Mar;156(3):480-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07677.x. PMID: 17300237.

Micallef D, Bonnici M, Pisani D, Boffa MJ. Neutrophilic Dermatosis of the Dorsal Hands: A Review of 123 Cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 Sep 6: S0190-9622(19)32678-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.08.070. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 31499154.

Cunha DG, Campos-do-Carmo G, Marujo JM, Verardino GC. Paraneoplastic Sweet's syndrome. An Bras Dermatol. 2018 Jul-Aug;93(4):576-578. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187353. PMID: 30066769; PMCID: PMC6063096.

Cunquero-Tomás AJ, Ortiz-Salvador JM, Iranzo V, Camps C. Sweet syndrome as the leading symptom in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Chin Clin Oncol. 2018 Feb;7(1):11. doi: 10.21037/cco.2018.01.07. PMID: 29486570.

Bielsa S, Baradad M, Martí RM, Casanova JM. Síndrome de Sweet con lesiones ampollosas [Sweet's syndrome with bullous lesions]. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2005 Jun;96(5):315-6. Spanish. doi: 10.1016/s0001-7310(05)75062-6. PMID: 16476395.

Lemaire CC, Portilho ALC, Pinheiro LV, Vivas RA, Britto M, Montenegro M, Rodrigues LFF, Arruda S, Lyra AC, Cavalcante LN. Sweet syndrome as a paraneoplastic manifestation of cholangiocarcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases. 2020 Sep 26;8(18):4122-4127. doi: 10.12998/wjcc. v8.i18.4122. PMID: 33024770; PMCID: PMC7520775.

Strong J, Zhou AE, Alkaabba F, Soldin D, Moon J, Alharthy H, Syed O, Liu Y, Turney K, Markidan J, Malone L, Lee ST, DeRosa P. A Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia-Associated Necrotizing Sweet Syndrome. Case Rep Dermatol. 2022 Nov 7;14(3):339-343. doi: 10.1159/000527597. PMID: 36466752; PMCID: PMC9710466.

Downloads

  • PDF

Published

2023-05-15

How to Cite

1.
BŁASZCZYK, Agnieszka, TROJAN, Sara, FUSSEK-STYGA, Urszula, KWIECIŃSKI, Jakub, MISZUDA, Sławomir, BASIAGA, Bartosz, BEDNARZ, Krzysztof, SZWEDKOWICZ, Agata, LEŚNIAK, Marek and HELUSZKA, Jakub. Sweet Syndrome - A Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 15 May 2023. Vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 45-56. [Accessed 7 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2023.30.01.004.
  • ISO 690
  • ACM
  • ACS
  • APA
  • ABNT
  • Chicago
  • Harvard
  • IEEE
  • MLA
  • Turabian
  • Vancouver
Download Citation
  • Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  • BibTeX

Issue

Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Review Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Agnieszka Błaszczyk, Sara Trojan, Urszula Fussek-Styga, Jakub Kwieciński, Sławomir Miszuda, Bartosz Basiaga, Krzysztof Bednarz, Agata Szwedkowicz, Marek Leśniak, Jakub Heluszka

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

Stats

Number of views and downloads: 573
Number of citations: 0

Search

Search

Browse

  • Browse Author Index
  • Issue archive

User

User

Current Issue

  • Atom logo
  • RSS2 logo
  • RSS1 logo

Information

  • For Readers
  • For Authors
  • For Librarians

Newsletter

Subscribe Unsubscribe

Tags

Search using one of provided tags:

Sweet Syndrome, Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis, Neutrophilic dermatosis of dorsal hands, Drug-induced Sweet’s syndrome, Malignancy-associated Sweet’s syndrome, Sweet’s syndrome treatment, Pathergy Phenomenon
Up

Akademicka Platforma Czasopism

Najlepsze czasopisma naukowe i akademickie w jednym miejscu

apcz.umk.pl

Partners

  • Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
  • Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne
  • Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
  • Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk
  • Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
  • Instytut Tomistyczny
  • Karmelitański Instytut Duchowości w Krakowie
  • Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Krośnie
  • Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych we Włocławku
  • Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. Stanisława Pigonia w Krośnie
  • Polska Fundacja Przemysłu Kosmicznego
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne
  • Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
  • Towarzystwo Miłośników Torunia
  • Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
  • Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
  • Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
  • Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika
  • Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
  • Uniwersytet Warszawski
  • Wojewódzka Biblioteka Publiczna - Książnica Kopernikańska
  • Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Pelplinie / Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne „Bernardinum" w Pelplinie

© 2021- Nicolaus Copernicus University Accessibility statement Shop