Neuropathy and neuroarthropathy as a complication of diabetes and other diseases, with particular emphasis on painless fractures - a review of the literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.25.01.007Keywords
Neuropathy, Neuroarthopathy, Diabetes, FracturesAbstract
Diabetes is now one of the most common chronic diseases. Its incidence is increasing, and thus the number of people suffering from its health complications is increasing. In 2015, 3 million people in Poland suffered from diabetes, and it is estimated that this number will increase to 4 million by 2040.
Acute complications of diabetes include i.a. hypoglycemic or lactate and hypermolar comas. Chronic complications include, for example, microangiopathies (retinopathies, nephropathy) as well as macroangiopathies and neuropathies.
Neuropathy is the result of too much glycemia and can affect as many as 2/3 of diabetic patients. Everyday pain sometimes makes it impossible to perform the simplest activities, and an optimal treatment plan is difficult to develop. At the same time, it can be prevented with regular exercise, regular glycemic control and a proper diet.
In this paper, we present a literature review on neuropathy and neuroarthropathy as a complication of diabetes and other diseases, with particular emphasis on painless fractures.
References
Sebastian Szczyrba, Grzegorz Kozera, Leszek Bieniaszewski, Walenty M. Nyka. Neuropatia cukrzycowa — patogeneza, rozpoznawanie, zapobieganie, leczenie, Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej 2010, tom 4, nr 5, 339–355
Witold Paweł Kalbarczyk, prof. dr hab. med. Bogusław Okopień. Raport Instytutu Ochrony Zdrowia - Cukrzyca. Gdzie jesteśmy? Dokąd zmierzamy? 2018
James C. Watson, MD, and P. James B. Dyck, MD. Peripheral Neuropathy: A Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Symptom Management. July 2015;90(7):940-951 Mayo Clin Proc.
Kumar V, Abbas AK , Aster J (2017) Basic Pathology 10th edition, Elsevier, Chicago
Gill G, Benbow S, Tesfaye S, Kaczmarczyk E, Kaye L, 1993, et al Painless stress fractures in diabetic neuropathic feet. Postgraduate Medical Journal 73:241-242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.73.858.241
Galanopoulos I P, Stavlas P, Voyaki S M, et al. (February 23, 2021) Ankle Fractures in Diabetic Patients: Report of Two Cases. Cureus 13(2): e13519. doi:10.7759/cureus.13519
Gouveri E, Papanas N. Charcot osteoarthropathy in diabetes: A brief review with an emphasis on clinical practice (2011) World J Diabetes. 2(5):59-65. doi:10.4239/wjd.v2.i5.59
Levitt BA, Stapleton JJ, Zgonis T. Diabetic Lisfranc fracture-dislocations and Charcot neuroarthropathy. (2013) Clin Podiatr Med Surg.30(2):257-63. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2013.01.002.
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT): results of feasibility study. The DCCT Research Group. Diabetes Care. 1987 Jan-Feb;10(1):1-19. doi: 10.2337/diacare.10.1.1. PMID: 2882967.
Singh N, Armstrong DG & Lipsky BA Preventing Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes. JAMA 293, 217–228, doi: 10.1001/jama.293.2.217 (2005). [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Most RS & Sinnock P The Epidemiology of Lower Extremity Amputations in Diabetic Individuals. Diabetes Care 6, 87–91, doi: 10.2337/diacare.6.1.87 (1983). [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Young MJ, Boulton AJM, Macleod AF, Williams DRR & Sonksen PH A multicentre study of the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the United Kingdom hospital clinic population. Diabetologia 36, 150–154, doi: 10.1007/BF00400697 (1993). [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
. Maser RE et al. Epidemiological Correlates of Diabetic Neuropathy: Report From Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study. Diabetes 38, 1456–1461, doi: 10.2337/diab.38.11.1456 (1989). [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Cole JB, Florez JC. Genetics of diabetes mellitus and diabetes complications. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020 Jul;16(7):377-390. doi: 10.1038/s41581-020-0278-5. Epub 2020 May 12. PMID: 32398868; PMCID: PMC9639302.
Diabetes Control and Complications Research Group The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977–986 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Diabetes Control and Complications Research Group Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on nerve conduction in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Ann Neurol 1995;38:869–880 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Linn T, Ortac K, Laube H, Federlin K. Intensive therapy in adult insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and reserve: a randomized, controlled, prospective study over 5 years in newly diagnosed patients. Metabolism 1996;45:1508–1513 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Callaghan BC, Cheng HT, Stables CL, Smith AL, Feldman EL. Diabetic neuropathy: clinical manifestations and current treatments. Lancet Neurol 2012;11:521–534 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Pop-Busui R, Boulton AJ, Feldman EL, Bril V, Freeman R, Malik RA, Sosenko JM, Ziegler D. Diabetic Neuropathy: A Position Statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2017 Jan;40(1):136-154. doi: 10.2337/dc16-2042. PMID: 27999003; PMCID: PMC6977405.
Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, et al.. Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1995;28:103–117 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Ismail-Beigi F, Craven T, Banerji MA, et al..; ACCORD trial group . Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial. Lancet 2010;376:419–430 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2003;348:383–393 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al..; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group . Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002;346:393–403 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Balducci S, Iacobellis G, Parisi L, et al.. Exercise training can modify the natural history of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. J Diabetes Complications 2006;20:216–223 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Singleton JR, Marcus RL, Jackson JE, K Lessard M, Graham TE, Smith AG. Exercise increases cutaneous nerve density in diabetic patients without neuropathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2014;1:844–849 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Kluding PM, Pasnoor M, Singh R, et al. The effect of exercise on neuropathic symptoms, nerve function, and cutaneous innervation in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. J Diabetes Complications. 2012;26:424–429. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Smith AG, Russell J, Feldman EL, et al. Lifestyle intervention for pre-diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:1294–1299. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Reading AD, Stother IG. The painless fracture: could it be TB? J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1998 Dec;43(6):410-1. PMID: 9990791.
Holmøy T, Sandberg L. Lårhalsbrudd uten smerter ved multippel sklerose [Painless femoral neck fracture in a patient with multiple sclerosis]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Jan 20;116(2):249. Norwegian. PMID: 8633335.
Lovy AJ, Dowdell J, Keswani A, et al. Nonoperative Versus Operative Treatment of Displaced Ankle Fractures in Diabetics. Foot & Ankle International. 2017;38(3):255-260. doi:10.1177/1071100716678796
Ramlatchan SR, Pomerantz LH, Ganti L, Lee WK, Delk GT. Phalangeal Fracture Secondary to Hammering One's Finger. Cureus. 2020 Jul 21;12(7):e9313. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9313. PMID: 32839682; PMCID: PMC7440264.
Singh J, Jain K, Mruthyunjaya, Ravishankar R. Outcome of closed proximal phalangeal fractures of the hand. Indian J Orthop. 2011 Sep;45(5):432-8. doi: 10.4103/0019-5413.83764. PMID: 21886925; PMCID: PMC3162680.
Oleszko, M., Wąsiewicz, E., Fularska, K., Kuźniar, A. and Szawica, D. 2023. A painless fracture of a phalanx of the left hand in a patient with type 1 diabetes – case report. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 17, 1 (Mar. 2023), 46–50. DOI:https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.17.01.005.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Michal Oleszko, Kamila Fularska, Aleksandra Kuźniar, Dominik Szawica, Edward Wąsiewicz, Radosław Bernacki, Piotr Bernacki, Martyna Dutka, Witold Zardzewiały
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 788
Number of citations: 0
