Futile therapy in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.01.032Keywords
futile therapy, intensive therapy, COVID-19 pandemic, coronavirus,, SARS-CoV-2Abstract
Futile therapy is the prolonged maintenance of organ function. This process in this case does not bring therapeutic benefits, and its task is to maintain the failed organs. The article aims to present the differences between influenza and Covid-19 and to draw attention to the problem of the futility of therapy in the context of a pandemic.
References
Zhang, W.; Zhao, Y.; Zhang, F.; Wang, Q.; Li, T.; Liu, Z.; Wang, J.; Qin, Y.; Zhang, X.; Yan, X.; et al. The Use of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in the Treatment of People with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Perspectives of Clinical Immunologists from China. Clin. Immunol. Orlando Fla 2020, 214, 108393.
Terpos, E.; Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I.; Elalamy, I.; Kastritis, E.; Sergentanis, T.N.; Politou, M.; Psaltopoulou, T.; Gerotziafas, G.; Dimopoulos, M.A. Hematological Findings and Complications of COVID-19. Am. J. Hematol. 2020, 95, 834–847.
Rello, J.; Belliato, M.; Dimopoulos, M.-A.; Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J.; Jaksic, V.; Martin-Loeches, I.; Mporas, I.; Pelosi, P.; Poulakou, G.; Pournaras, S.; et al. Update in COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit from the 2020 HELLENIC Athens International Symposium. Anaesth. Crit. Care Pain Med. 2020, 39, 723–730.
Kübler, A.; Siewiera, J.; Durek, G.; Kusza, K.; Piechota, M.; Szkulmowski, Z. Guidelines Regarding the Ineffective Maintenance of Organ Functions (Futile Therapy) in ICU Patients Incapable of Giving Informed Statements of Will. Anaesthesiol. Intensive Ther. 2014, 46, 215–220.
Šarić, L.; Prkić, I.; Jukić, M. Futile Treatment-A Review. J. Bioethical Inq. 2017, 14, 329–337.
Wiersinga, W.J.; Rhodes, A.; Cheng, A.C.; Peacock, S.J.; Prescott, H.C. Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA 2020, 324, 782–793.
Dashraath, P.; Wong, J.L.J.; Lim, M.X.K.; Lim, L.M.; Li, S.; Biswas, A.; Choolani, M.; Mattar, C.; Su, L.L. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020, 222, 521–531.
Zhang, Y.; Yu, B.; Chen, X.; Rich, S.; Mo, Q.; Yan, H. Dynamics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic in Wuhan City, Hubei Province and China: A Second Derivative Analysis of the Cumulative Daily Diagnosed Cases during the First 85 Days. Glob. Health J. Amst. Neth. 2021, 5, 4–11.
You, M.; Wu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Liu, J.; Liu, D. Spread of Coronavirus 2019 From Wuhan to Rural Villages in the Hubei Province. Open Forum Infect. Dis. 2020, 7, ofaa228.
Siddell, S.G.; Anderson, R.; Cavanagh, D.; Fujiwara, K.; Klenk, H.D.; Macnaughton, M.R.; Pensaert, M.; Stohlman, S.A.; Sturman, L.; van der Zeijst, B.A. Coronaviridae. Intervirology 1983, 20, 181–189.
Alsharif, W.; Qurashi, A. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Diagnosis and Management Tools: A Review. Radiogr. Lond. Engl. 1995 2021, 27, 682–687.
Safiabadi Tali, S.H.; LeBlanc, J.J.; Sadiq, Z.; Oyewunmi, O.D.; Camargo, C.; Nikpour, B.; Armanfard, N.; Sagan, S.M.; Jahanshahi-Anbuhi, S. Tools and Techniques for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/COVID-19 Detection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2021, 34, e00228-20.
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Executive Committee The New Scope of Virus Taxonomy: Partitioning the Virosphere into 15 Hierarchical Ranks. Nat. Microbiol. 2020, 5, 668–674.
Chen, J.; Qi, T.; Liu, L.; Ling, Y.; Qian, Z.; Li, T.; Li, F.; Xu, Q.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, S.; et al. Clinical Progression of Patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. J. Infect. 2020, 80, e1–e6.
Rai, P.; Kumar, B.K.; Deekshit, V.K.; Karunasagar, I.; Karunasagar, I. Detection Technologies and Recent Developments in the Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2021, 105, 441–455.
Niyomnaitham, S.; Quan Toh, Z.; Wongprompitak, P.; Jansarikit, L.; Srisutthisamphan, K.; Sapsutthipas, S.; Jantraphakorn, Y.; Mingngamsup, N.; Licciardi, P.V.; Chokephaibulkit, K. Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity against the SARS-CoV-2 Variants Following Heterologous Primary Series Involving CoronaVac, ChAdox1 NCov-19 and BNT162b2 plus BNT162b2 Booster Vaccination: An Open-Label Randomized Study in Healthy Thai Adults. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 2022, 2091865.
Riggioni, C.; Comberiati, P.; Giovannini, M.; Agache, I.; Akdis, M.; Alves-Correia, M.; Antó, J.M.; Arcolaci, A.; Azkur, A.K.; Azkur, D.; et al. A Compendium Answering 150 Questions on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. Allergy 2020, 75, 2503–2541.
Gao, Z.; Xu, Y.; Sun, C.; Wang, X.; Guo, Y.; Qiu, S.; Ma, K. A Systematic Review of Asymptomatic Infections with COVID-19. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi 2021, 54, 12–16.
Zidkova, R.; Malinakova, K.; van Dijk, J.P.; Tavel, P. The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Occurrence of Psychosomatic Symptoms: Are They Related? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health 2021, 18, 3570.
Falzone, L.; Gattuso, G.; Tsatsakis, A.; Spandidos, D.A.; Libra, M. Current and Innovative Methods for the Diagnosis of COVID‑19 Infection (Review). Int. J. Mol. Med. 2021, 47, 100.
Wu, C.-P.; Adhi, F.; Highland, K. Recognition and Management of Respiratory Co-Infection and Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia in Patients with COVID-19. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 2020, 87, 659–663.
Manzanares-Meza, L.D.; Medina-Contreras, O. SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza: A Comparative Overview and Treatment Implications. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. 2020, 77, 262–273.
Chotpitayasunondh, T.; Fischer, T.K.; Heraud, J.-M.; Hurt, A.C.; Monto, A.S.; Osterhaus, A.; Shu, Y.; Tam, J.S. Influenza and COVID-19: What Does Co-Existence Mean? Influenza Other Respir. Viruses 2021, 15, 407–412.
Mayuramart, O.; Nimsamer, P.; Rattanaburi, S.; Chantaravisoot, N.; Khongnomnan, K.; Chansaenroj, J.; Puenpa, J.; Suntronwong, N.; Vichaiwattana, P.; Poovorawan, Y.; et al. Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Influenza Viruses Based on CRISPR-Cas12a. Exp. Biol. Med. Maywood NJ 2021, 246, 400–405.
Chams, N.; Chams, S.; Badran, R.; Shams, A.; Araji, A.; Raad, M.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Stroberg, E.; Duval, E.J.; Barton, L.M.; et al. COVID-19: A Multidisciplinary Review. Front. Public Health 2020, 8, 383.
Wang, X. The Fairness of Ventilator Allocation during the COVID‐19 Pandemic. Bioethics 2021, 10.1111/bioe.12955.
Vetrugno, L.; Mojoli, F.; Cortegiani, A.; Bignami, E.G.; Ippolito, M.; Orso, D.; Corradi, F.; Cammarota, G.; Mongodi, S.; Boero, E.; et al. Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Expert Consensus Statement on the Use of Lung Ultrasound in Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (ITACO). J. Anesth. Analg. Crit. Care 2021, 1, 16.
Kearns, A.J. The Principle of Salvage in the Context of COVID‐19. Nurs. Inq. 2020, e12389.
Clinical Characteristics of 113 Deceased Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: Retrospective Study. BMJ 2020, 368, m1295.
Woźnica-Niesobska, E.; Goździk, W.; Śmiechowicz, J.; Stróżecki, Ł.; Kubler, A. Analysis of Management Protocols Regarding Ineffective Maintenance of Organ Functions in Patients Treated at the Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital in Wroclaw. Anaesthesiol. Intensive Ther. 2020, 52, 3–9.
Weiner, D.E.; Watnick, S.G. Hemodialysis and COVID-19: An Achilles’ Heel in the Pandemic Health Care Response in the United States. Kidney Med. 2020, 2, 227–230.
Fernandes, Q.; Inchakalody, V.P.; Merhi, M.; Mestiri, S.; Taib, N.; Moustafa Abo El-Ella, D.; Bedhiafi, T.; Raza, A.; Al-Zaidan, L.; Mohsen, M.O.; et al. Emerging COVID-19 Variants and Their Impact on SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis, Therapeutics and Vaccines. Ann. Med. 2022, 54, 524–540.
Gutmann, C.; Takov, K.; Burnap, S.A.; Singh, B.; Ali, H.; Theofilatos, K.; Reed, E.; Hasman, M.; Nabeebaccus, A.; Fish, M.; et al. SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia and Proteomic Trajectories Inform Prognostication in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care. Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 3406.
Ludwig, S.; Zarbock, A. Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Overview. Anesth. Analg. 2020, 131, 93–96.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Kamila Gorczyca, Klaudia Podgórska, Aleksandra Puła, Klaudia Artykiewicz, Urszula Krzysiek, Paweł Kozieł , Maria Grodkiewicz , Marcin Czarkowski, Aleksandra Słupczyńska, Weronika Urbaś
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 305
Number of citations: 0