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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Potential mechanisms of action and effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depressive disorders
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Potential mechanisms of action and effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depressive disorders

Authors

  • Klaudia Smulewicz Collegium Medicum UMK, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
  • Alicja Wójcik Collegium Medicum UMK, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
  • Wojciech Pakaszewski Collegium Medicum UMK, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
  • Bartosz Rusin Collegium Medicum UMK, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
  • Bartłomiej Ziomko Collegium Medicum UMK, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.11.028

Keywords

electroconvulsive therapy, drug resistance depression, efficacy, mechanism of action

Abstract

The aim of this study is to prove the positive effect of electroconvulsive therapy on depressive disorders.

Depression as a mental illness has not been fully studied in terms of its relationship in combination with electroconvulsive therapy. Nevertheless, despite many uncertainties, its positive effect on this type of treatment is indicated. Analysing a number of studies, electroconvulsive therapy is considered to be the most effective treatment for depression. As the research work shows, thanks to the use of electroconvulsive therapy in older people over 60 years of age, a positive effect on the patient's health can be observed in the entire study group.

The mechanism of action of electroconvulsive therapy is multifaceted. There are several theories of how it works, affecting different areas of the individual's body. These include an anticonvulsant theory (GABAergic), effects on serotonergic and dopaminergic functions in the brain, effects on neurogenesis in the hippocampus and amygdala and neuropathicity, effects on gene transcription, an increase in the Narp protein with a presumed antidepressant effect, support for the neuroendocrine mechanism, as well as effects on inflammation (cytokines). 

References

Kaliora SC. [Electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant depression: What is new?]. Psychiatriki. 2021 Dec;32(Supplement I):82-89. Greek, Modern. doi: 10.22365/jpsych.2021.053. PMID: 34990383.

Zöllner R, Huber MT, Mangelsdorf C, Konrad C, Zavorotnyy M. Psychiatrische Polypharmazie und Elektrokonvulsionstherapie bei therapieresistenter Depression [Psychiatric polypharmacy and electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant depression]. Nervenarzt. 2020 Jul;91(7):624-634. Germa Bolwig TG. Electroconvulsive therapy reappraised. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2014 Jun;129(6):415-6. doi: 10.1111/acps.12252. Epub 2014 Feb 24. PMID: 24571063.

Hermida AP, Glass OM, Shafi H, McDonald WM. Electroconvulsive Therapy in Depression: Current Practice and Future Direction. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2018 Sep;41(3):341-353. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2018.04.001. Epub 2018 Jun 15. PMID: 30098649.

Takamiya A, Chung JK, Liang KC, Graff-Guerrero A, Mimura M, Kishimoto T. Effect of electroconvulsive therapy on hippocampal and amygdala volumes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2018 Jan;212(1):19-26. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2017.11. PMID: 29433612.

Mirzakhani H, van Noorden MS, Swen J, Nozari A, Guchelaar HJ. Pharmacogenetics in electroconvulsive therapy and adjunctive medications. Pharmacogenomics. 2015;16(9):1015-31. doi: 10.2217/pgs.15.57. Epub 2015 Jun 26. PMID: 26115083.

Lisanby SH. Electroconvulsive therapy for depression. N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 8;357(19):1939-45

http://www.psychiatriapolska.pl/uploads/onlinefirst/Galecki_PsychiatrPolOnlineFirstNr158.pdf z dnia 02.09.2022

Ma Y, Rosenheck R, Ye B, Fan N, He H. Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with "less treatment-resistant" depression by the Maudsley Staging Model. Brain Behav. 2020 Jul;10(7):e01654de Carvalho W. L'Electroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) aujourd'hui [Electroconvulsive therapy today]. Encephale. 2009 Jun;35 Suppl 4:S137-9. French

Ma Y, Rosenheck R, Ye B, Fan N, He H. Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with "less treatment-resistant" depression by the Maudsley Staging Model. Brain Behav. 2020 Jul;10(7):e01654de Carvalho W. L'Electroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) aujourd'hui [Electroconvulsive therapy today]. Encephale. 2009 Jun;35 Suppl 4:S137-9. French

Geduldig ET, Kellner CH. Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Elderly: New Findings in Geriatric Depression. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Apr;18(4):40

https://journals.viamedica.pl/psychiatria/article/viewFile/40404/27891?fbclid=IwAR29R9KaOrqPMFAUcy_jEKnADLeEHxFr_EiVvQN_gMzX9BY0mMdmqkzPjk0 z dnia 02.09.2022

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.viamedica.pl%2Fpsychiatria%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F40401%2F27889%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR0uJKZ-g2zEbPC0hB9jcP2AJl8ztVNrSUEd_6OEn7b_BeMneI82ctXGAUY&h=AT095B4DYd0rEd3KO2Oo_tsLlIQJeedeohS8ZvmMG2r4gi46CAdg_SzfcrBM4qSeg7XEUuZkDTyagAIvulZRhNAqrWvz642FZFiWCu185zIKZ_6eTgq9llkCbKqNTOnkl7hrAQ z dnia 02.09.2022

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychiatriapolska.pl%2Fuploads%2Fimages%2FPP_3_2012%2F345Dabrowski_PsychiatrPol_3_2012.pdf%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR2g3YCPU5xSLnXb6T9iflx4pj_jSjROuphzOthkOPdxoeygVo1kK14S1X0&h=AT095B4DYd0rEd3KO2Oo_tsLlIQJeedeohS8ZvmMG2r4gi46CAdg_SzfcrBM4qSeg7XEUuZkDTyagAIvulZRhNAqrWvz642FZFiWCu185zIKZ_6eTgq9llkCbKqNTOnkl7hrAQ z dnia 02.09.2022

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fprofile%2FAnna-Antosik-Wojcinska%2Fpublication%2F310144082_Analiza_skutecznosci_i_bezpieczenstwa_zabiegow_elektrowstrzasowych_w_populacjach_przed_i_po_60_roku_zycia_The_efficacy_and_safety_of_ECT_in_population_before_and_after_60_years_of_age%2Flinks%2F5829abe308aefcbdb47fd8a0%2FAnaliza-skutecznosci-i-bezpieczenstwa-zabiegow-elektrowstrzasowych-w-populacjach-przed-i-po-60-roku-zycia-The-efficacy-and-safety-of-ECT-in-population-before-and-after-60-years-of-age.pdf%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR38YCgNMdTLlSN4XhDa4K59ppx1cLd3ajKTAVYjyOYKvze6dzIqlSdNhgg&h=AT095B4DYd0rEd3KO2Oo_tsLlIQJeedeohS8ZvmMG2r4gi46CAdg_SzfcrBM4qSeg7XEUuZkDTyagAIvulZRhNAqrWvz642FZFiWCu185zIKZ_6eTgq9llkCbKqNTOnkl7hrAQ

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Published

2022-11-03

How to Cite

1.
SMULEWICZ, Klaudia, WÓJCIK, Alicja, PAKASZEWSKI, Wojciech, RUSIN, Bartosz & ZIOMKO, Bartłomiej. Potential mechanisms of action and effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depressive disorders. Journal of Education, Health and Sport [online]. 3 November 2022, T. 12, nr 11, s. 216–221. [accessed 30.3.2023]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.11.028.
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Issue

Vol. 12 No. 11 (2022)

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Review Articles

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Copyright (c) 2022 Klaudia Smulewicz, Alicja Wójcik, Wojciech Pakaszewski, Bartosz Rusin, Bartłomiej Ziomko

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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