Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.09.063Keywords
Rosai-Dorfman disease, histiocytosis, Central Nervous System, intracranial Rosai-Dorfman diseaseAbstract
Introduction and purpose:
Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD), known also as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy(SHML) is a benign histiocytic proliferative syndrome. The etiology and pathogenesis of RDD remains unclear. Central nervous system involvement is a rare event and concerns approximately 7.8% of RDD cases, whereas intracranial lesions constitute almost 90% of CNS-RDD cases. The aim of this literature review was to summarize current knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial manifestation of RDD. We also described possible hypotheses regarding the pathophysiology of this disorder.
State of knowledge:
Even though Rosai-Dorfman disease was thought to be a reactive process, recent evidencedemonstrate the presence of clonality, which means that in this histiocytosis the process that underlies the pathology is neoplastic. Intracranial lesions caused by RDD can be easily misdiagnosed with many diseases such as meningiomas, malignant gliomas or metastatic tumors. The final diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease should be made based on histologic and immunohistochemical examinations. Current therapeutic options for this condition include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, corticosteroids and immunotherapy. Surgical treatment often constitutes the first-line treatment for intracranial RDD and is the most beneficial treatment option. However, the implementation of adjuvant therapies is very important to avoid the recurrence of lesions, which appear in approximately 14% of subjects after about 10 years from surgery.
Conclusion:
This literature review presents current data about pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of intracranial involvement of Rosai-Dorfman disease. Further studies on this topic should focus on exploring etiologic mechanisms underlying on this pathology and comparing available treatment methods.
References
Rosai J, Dorfman R. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. A newly recognized benign clinicopathological entity. Arch Pathol. 1969;87:63–70.
Mahzoni P, Hani M, Zavareh T, Bagheri M, Hani N, Moqtader B. Intracranial ROSAI-DORFMAN Disease. J Res Med Sci. 2012 Mar;17(3):304.
Das S, Biswas A, Roy S, Sable MN, Singh D, Jana M, Sharma MC, Julka PK. Recurrent intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease: Management of a challenging case. Vol. 12, Asian journal of neurosurgery. 2017. p. 537–40.
Cheng X, Cheng JL, Gao AK. A Study on Clinical Characteristics and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Manifestations on Systemic Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Chin Med J (Engl). 2018 Feb 20;131(4):440–7.
Bueno HF, Agarwalla PK, Chundury A, Baisre de Leon A, Mirani N, Nimchinsky EA. Differentiation of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman histiocytosis from meningioma using MR perfusion. Vol. 10, Clinical case reports. 2022. p. e05737.
Zhou C, Ren H, Hong L, Zhang J, Wang H. Clinicopathological characteristics of multiple intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease with increased IgG4-positive plasma cells: a report of two cases. Vol. 59, Folia neuropathologica. Poland; 2021. p. 409–18.
Xia L, Zhang L, Xiang Y, Liu L, Jing Z. Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking isolated meningioma: a case report and review of the literature. Vol. 14, International journal of clinical and experimental pathology. 2021. p. 827–30.
Elshikh M, Schellingerhout D, Rayan J, Taher A, Elsayes AK, Mujtaba B, Garg N. Disease Characteristics, Radiologic Patterns, Comorbid Diseases, and Ethnic Differences in 32 Patients With Rosai-Dorfman Disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2020 May 1;44(3):450–61.
Qin G, Ye J, Lan S, Liang Y, Xu P, Tang X, Guo W. Rosai-Dorfman disease with spinal and multiple intracranial involvement: a case report and literature review. Br J Neurosurg. 2019;1–5.
Zhu H, Qiu LH, Dou YF, Wu JS, Zhong P, Jiang CC, Xu R, Wang XQ. Imaging characteristics of Rosai-Dorfman disease in the central nervous system. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(6):1265–72.
Patwardhan PP, Goel NA. Isolated Intraventricular Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Vol. 13, Asian journal of neurosurgery. 2018. p. 1285–7.
Zelger B. Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a reactive or neoplastic disorder? Med Pediatr Oncol. 2001;37(6):543–4.
Yohe SL, Chenault CB, Torlakovic EE, Asplund SL, McKenna RW. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in acute leukemias of ambiguous or myeloid lineage in adult patients: support for a possible clonal relationship. Mod Pathol. 2014;27(5):651–6.
Gonzalez CL, Jaffe ES. The histiocytoses: clinical presentation and differential diagnosis. Oncology (Williston Park). 1990 Nov 1;4(11):47–60; discussion 60, 62.
Rajyalakshmi R, Akhtar M, Swathi Y, Chakravarthi R, Reddy JB, Priscilla MB. Cytological Diagnosis of Rosai–Dorfman Disease: A Study of Twelve Cases with Emphasis on Diagnostic Challenges. J Cytol. 2020 Jan 1;37(1):46.
Abla O, Jacobsen E, Picarsic J, Krenova Z, Jaffe R, Emile JF, Durham BH, Braier J, Charlotte F, Donadieu J, Cohen-Aubart F, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Allen C, Whitlock JA, Weitzman S, McClain KL, Haroche J, Diamond EL. Consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and clinical management of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease. Blood. 2018 Jun 28;131(26):2877–90.
Goyal G, Ravindran A, Young JR, Shah M V., Bennani NN, Patnaik MM, Nowakowski GS, Thanarajasingam G, Habermann TM, Vassallo R, Sher T, Parikh SA, Rech KL, Go RS. Clinicopathological features, treatment approaches, and outcomes in Rosai-Dorfman disease. Haematologica. 2020 Jan 31;105(2):348–57.
Alruwaii ZI, Zhang Y, Larman T, Miller JA, Montgomery EA. Rosai-Dorfman Disease of the Digestive System-Beware Vasculopathy: A Clinicopathologic Analysis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2019 Dec 1;43(12):1644–52.
Shanmugam V, Margolskee E, Kluk M, Giorgadze T, Orazi A. Rosai–Dorfman Disease Harboring an Activating KRAS K117N Missense Mutation. Head Neck Pathol. 2016 Sep 1;10(3):394.
Diamond EL, Durham BH, Haroche J, Yao Z, Ma J, Parikh SA, Wang Z, Choi J, Kim E, Cohen-Aubart F, Lee SCW, Gao Y, Micol JB, Campbell P, Walsh MP, Sylvester B, Dolgalev I, Aminova O, Heguy A, Zappile P, Nakitandwe J, Ganzel C, Dalton JD, Ellison DW, Estrada-Veras J, Lacouture M, Gahl WA, Stephens PJ, Miller VA, Ross JS, Ali SM, Briggs SR, Fasan O, Block J, Heritier S, Donadieu J, Solit DB, Hyman DM, Baselga J, Janku F, Taylor BS, Park CY, Amoura Z, Dogan A, Emile JF, Rosen N, Gruber TA, Abdel-Wahab O. Diverse and Targetable Kinase Alterations Drive Histiocytic Neoplasms. Cancer Discov. 2016 Feb 1;6(2):154–65.
Nasany RA, Reiner AS, Francis JH, Abla O, Panageas KS, Diamond EL. Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease of the nervous system: a systematic literature review. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2022 Dec 1;17(1).
Bruce-Brand C, Schneider JW, Schubert P. Rosai-Dorfman disease: an overview. J Clin Pathol. 2020 Nov 1;73(11):697–705.
Garces S, Medeiros LJ, Patel KP, Li S, Pina-Oviedo S, Li J, Garces JC, Khoury JD, Yin CC. Mutually exclusive recurrent KRAS and MAP2K1 mutations in Rosai-Dorfman disease. Mod Pathol. 2017 Oct 1;30(10):1367–77.
Middel P, Hemmerlein B, Fayyazi A, Kaboth U, Radzun HJ. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy: evidence for its relationship to macrophages and for a cytokine-related disorder. Histopathology. 1999;35(6):525–33.
Paulli M, Bergamaschi G, Tonon L, Viglio A, Rosso R, Facchetti F, Geerts ML, Magrini U, Cazzola M. Evidence for a polyclonal nature of the cell infiltrate in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease). Br J Haematol. 1995;91(2):415–8.
Vaiselbuh SR, Bryceson YT, Allen CE, Whitlock JA, Abla O. Updates on histiocytic disorders. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(7):1329–35.
Wenig BM, Abbondanzo SL, Childers EL, Kapadia SB, Heffner DR. Extranodal sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) of the head and neck. Hum Pathol. 1993;24(5):483–92.
Durham BH, Lopez Rodrigo E, Picarsic J, Abramson D, Rotemberg V, De Munck S, Pannecoucke E, Lu SX, Pastore A, Yoshimi A, Mandelker D, Ceyhan-Birsoy O, Ulaner GA, Walsh M, Yabe M, Petrova-Drus K, Arcila ME, Ladanyi M, Solit DB, Berger MF, Hyman DM, Lacouture ME, Erickson C, Saganty R, Ki M, Dunkel IJ, Santa-María López V, Mora J, Haroche J, Emile JF, Decaux O, Geissmann F, Savvides SN, Drilon A, Diamond EL, Abdel-Wahab O. Activating mutations in CSF1R and additional receptor tyrosine kinases in histiocytic neoplasms. Nat Med. 2019 Dec 1;25(12):1839–42.
Morgan N V., Morris MR, Cangul H, Gleeson D, Straatman-Iwanowska A, Davies N, Keenan S, Pasha S, Rahman F, Gentle D, Vreeswijk MPG, Devilee P, Knowles MA, Ceylaner S, Trembath RC, Dalence C, Kismet E, Lu VK, Rossbach HC, Gissen P, Tannahill D, Maher ER. Mutations in SLC29A3, encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3, cause a familial histiocytosis syndrome (Faisalabad histiocytosis) and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease. PLoS Genet. 2010 Feb;6(2).
Lu D, Estalilla OC, Manning JT, Jeffrey Medeiros L. Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy and Malignant Lymphoma Involving the Same Lymph Node: A Report of Four Cases and Review of the Literature. Mod Pathol 2000 134. 2000 Apr 1;13(4):414–9.
Xie Y, Pittaluga S, Price S, Raffeld M, Hahn J, Jaffe ES, Rao VK, Maric I. Bone marrow findings in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome with germline FAS mutation. Haematologica. 2017;102(2):364–72.
Ravindran A, Goyal G, Go RS, Rech KL. Rosai-Dorfman Disease Displays a Unique Monocyte-Macrophage Phenotype Characterized by Expression of OCT2. Am J Surg Pathol. 2021 Jan 1;45(1):35–44.
Maratos EC, Bridges LR, MacKinnon AD, Madigan JB, Atra A, Martin AJ. Isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease in a child, a case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 2014;30(9):1595–600.
Cao XY, Luan SH, Bao WM, Shen C, Yang BJ. Solitary intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease: Case report and literature review. J Int Med Res. 2011 Oct 1;39(5):2045–50.
Toh CH, Chen YL, Wong HF, Wei KC, Ng SH, Wan YL. Rosai-Dorfman disease with dural sinus invasion. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 2005 Mar;102(3):550–4.
Varan A, Şen H, Akalan N, Oğuz KK, Sağlam A, Akyüz C. Pontine Rosai-Dorfman disease in a child. Child’s Nerv Syst. 2015 Jun 29;31(6):971–5.
Camp SJ, Roncaroli F, Apostolopoulos V, Weatherall M, Lim S, Nandi D. Intracerebral multifocal Rosai–Dorfman disease. J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Sep 1;19(9):1308–10.
Imada H, Sakatani T, Sawada M, Matsuura T, Fukushima N, Nakano I. A lethal intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease of the brainstem diagnosed at autopsy. Pathol Int. 2015 Oct 1;65(10):549–53.
Wang C, Kuang P, Xu F, Hu L. Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease with the petroclival and parasellar involvement mimicking multiple meningiomas: A case report and review of literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 May 1;98(18).
Lungren MP, Petrella JR, Cummings TJ, Grant GA. Isolated Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease in a Child. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009 Nov;30(10):E148.
Gupta K, Bagdi N, Sunitha P, Ghosal N. Isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking meningioma in a child: a case report and review of the literature. Br J Radiol. 2011 Jul;84(1003):e138.
Raslan OA, Schellingerhout D, Fuller GN, Ketonen LM. Rosai-Dorfman disease in neuroradiology: imaging findings in a series of 10 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Feb;196(2).
Cheng X, Cheng JL, Gao AK. A Study on Clinical Characteristics and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Manifestations on Systemic Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Chin Med J (Engl). 2018 Feb;131(4):440–7.
Griffiths SJ, Tang W, Parameswaran R, Kelsey A, West CGH. Isolated intracranial Rosai?-?Dorfman disease mimicking meningioma in a child. https://doi.org/101080/02688690410001732788. 2009 Jun;18(3):293–7.
Theeler BJ, Keylock JB, Yoest SM. Teaching NeuroImage: Isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking a meningioma. Neurology. 2008 Mar;70(13 PART 1).
Udono H, Fukuyama K, Okamoto H, Tabuchi K. Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting multiple intracranial lesions with unique findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1999;91(2):335–9.
Alimli AG, Oztunali C, Boyunaga OL, Pamukcuoglu S, Okur A, Borcek AO. MRI and CT findings of isolated intracranial Rosai–Dorfman disease in a child. Neuroradiol J. 2016 Apr 1;29(2):146.
Deshayes E, Le Berre JP, Jouanneau E, Vasiljevic A, Raverot G, Seve P. 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in a patient with isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease. Clin Nucl Med. 2013;38(1).
Tian Y, Wang J, Ge J zhao, Ma Z, Ge M. Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking multiple meningiomas in a child: a case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 2015 Feb 1;31(2):317–23.
Krueger EM, Brown HG, Schaible K. Multiple Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Case Report. Cureus. 2019 Jul 31;11(7).
Hinduja A, Aguilar LG, Steineke T, Nochlin D, Landolfi JC. Rosai-Dorfman disease manifesting as intracranial and intraorbital lesion. J Neurooncol. 2009;92(1):117–20.
Sundaram C, Uppin SG, Prasad BCM, Sahu BP, Devi MU, Prasad VSSV, Purohit AK. Isolated Rosai Dorfman disease of the central nervous system presenting as dural-based and intraparenchymal lesions. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 May 1;24(3):112–7.
Johnson MD, Powell SZ, Boyer PJ, Weil RJ, Moots PL. Dural lesions mimicking meningiomas. Hum Pathol. 2002 Dec 1;33(12):1211–26.
Foucar E, Rosai J, Dorfman R. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): review of the entity. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1990;7:19–73.
Foucar E, Rosai J, Brynes RK. The neurologic manifestations of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. Neurology. 1982;32(4):365–71.
Piris MA, Aguirregoicoa E, Montes-Moreno S, Celeiro-Muñoz C. Castleman Disease and Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2018 Jan 1;35(1):44–53.
Riccio L, Donofrio CA, Serio G, Melatini A. Malignant behaviour of primary intracranial Rosai Dorfman disease: A rare presentation of a benign disease. Neurochirurgie. 2021 Apr 1;67(2):205–9.
Paulli M, Rosso R, Kindl S, Boveri E, Marocolo D, Chioda C, Agostini C, Magrini U, Facchetti F. Immunophenotypic characterization of the cell infiltrate in five cases of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease). Hum Pathol. 1992;23(6):647–54.
Mirra SS, Tindall SC, Check IJ, Brynes RK, Moore WW. Inflammatory meningeal masses of unexplained origin. An ultrastructural and immunological study. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1983;42(4):453–68.
Andriko JAW, Morrison A, Colegial CH, Davis BJ, Jones R V. Rosai-Dorfman disease isolated to the central nervous system: a report of 11 cases. Mod Pathol. 2001;14(3):172–8.
Eisen R, Buckley P, Rosai J. Immunophenotypic characterization of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai–Dorfman disease). Semin Diagn Pathol. 1990;7:74 – 82.
Walid MS, Grigorian AA. Ethmo-spheno-intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease. Indian J Cancer. 2010 Jan 1;47(1):80.
Raslan O, Ketonen LM, Fuller GN, Schellingerhout D. Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease with relapsing spinal lesions. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(18):3087–9.
Adeleye AO, Amir G, Fraifeld S, Shoshan Y, Umansky F, Spektor S. Diagnosis and management of Rosai-Dorfman disease involving the central nervous system. Neurol Res. 2010 Jul 1;32(6):572–8.
Bing F, Brion JP, Grand S, Pasquier B, Lebas JF. Tumor arising in the periventricular region. Neuropathology. 2009 Feb;29(1):101–3.
Asai A, Matsutani M, Kohno T, Fujimaki T, Tanaka H, Kawaguchi K, Koike M, Takakura K. Leptomeningeal and orbital benign lymphophagocytic histiocytosis: Case report. J Neurosurg. 1988 Oct 1;69(4):610–2.
Wu M, Anderson AE, Kahn LB. A report of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease with literature review. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2001 Apr 1;5(2):96–102.
Schmitt F. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai–Dorfman disease): cytomorphologic analysis on fine-needle aspirates. Diagn Cytopathol. 1992;8:596 – 599.
Trautman B, Stanley M, Goding G. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai–Dorfman disease): diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol. 1991;7:513 – 516.
Sanchez R, Sibley RK, Rosai J, Dorfman RF. The electron microscopic features of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy: a study of 11 cases. Ultrastruct Pathol. 1981;2(2):101–19.
Huang HY, Huang CC, Lui CC, Chen HJ, Chen WJ. Isolated intracranial Rosai—Dorfman disease: Case report and literature review. Pathol Int. 1998 May 1;48(5):396–402.
Boissaud-Cooke MA, Bhatt K, Hilton DA, Muquit S. Isolated Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Vol. 137, World neurosurgery. United States; 2020. p. 239–42.
Sandoval-Sus JD, Sandoval-Leon AC, Chapman JR, Velazquez-Vega J, Borja MJ, Rosenberg S, Lossos A, Lossos IS. Rosai-Dorfman disease of the central nervous system: report of 6 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2014;93(3):165–75.
Zhu Q, Liang Y, Fan Z, Liu Y, Zhou C, Zhang H, Li T, Zhou Y, Yang J, Wang L. Management of central nervous system Rosai-Dorfman disease: A single center treatment experience. J Clin Neurosci. 2022 May;99:275–81.
Zhang J, Li D, Cheng R, Zhang N, Ni X, Ge M. Staging surgery for intraventricular bilateral giant Rosai-Dorfman disease in children. Vol. 6, Pediatric investigation. 2022. p. 50–4.
Joshi SS, Joshi S, Muzumdar G, Turel KE, Shah RM, Ammbulkar I, Hussain MM, Choudhari KA. Cranio-spinal Rosai Dorfman disease: case series and literature review. Br J Neurosurg. 2019 Apr;33(2):176–83.
Hadjipanayis CG, Bejjani G, Wiley C, Hasegawa T, Maddock M, Kondziolka D. Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease treated with microsurgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2003 Jan 1;98(1):165–8.
Kidd DP, Revesz T, Miller NR. Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting with widespread intracranial and spinal cord involvement. Neurology. 2006;67(9):1551–5.
Petzold A, Thom M, Powell M, Plant GT. Relapsing intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Oct;71(4):538.
Tripathi M, Maskara P, Deora H, Bansal D, Mohindra S, Tripathi S, Kaur R, Sheehan JP, Rana R, Kumar N. Role of Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Intracranial Histiocytosis: a Systematic Review of Literature of an Emerging Modality for Localized Disease. World Neurosurg. 2021 Jun;150:64–70.
Ganau M, Foroni RI, Gerosa M, Ricciardi GK, Longhi M, Nicolato A. Radiosurgical options in neuro-oncology: A review on current tenets and future opportunities. Part II: Adjuvant radiobiological tools. Tumori. 2015 Jan 1;101(1):57–63.
Tatit RT, Raffa PEAZ, de Almeida Motta GC, Bocchi AA, Guimaraes JL, Franceschini PR, de Aguiar PHP. Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking images of meningiomas: Two case reports and literature review. Vol. 12, Surgical neurology international. 2021. p. 292.
Zhang JT, Tian HJ, Lang SY, Wang XQ. Primary intracerebral Rosai-Dorfman disease. J Clin Neurosci. 2010 Oct;17(10):1286–8.
McPherson CM, Brown J, Kim AW, DeMonte F. Regression of intracranial rosai-dorfman disease following corticosteroid therapy. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2006 May;104(5):840–4.
Siu RCH, Tan IL, Davidson AS, Robertson A, Fraser CL. Clinical Reasoning: Compressive optic neuropathy secondary to intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease. Neurology. 2015 Sep 22;85(12):e89–92.
Pagel JM, Lionberger J, Gopal AK, Sabath DE, Loeb K. Therapeutic use of Rituximab for sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) [2]. Am J Hematol. 2007 Dec;82(12):1121–2.
Jamali E, Sharifi G, Ghafouri-Fard S, Bidari Zerehpoosh F, Yazdanpanahi M, Taheri M. Intracranial Rosai Dorfman Disease Presented With Multiple Huge Intraventricular Masses: A Case Report. Vol. 9, Frontiers in surgery. 2022. p. 766840.
Wang W, Sun J, Zhang W, Zhou D. Successful treatment of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease with cytarabine and dexamethasone: case report and review of literature. Vol. 99, Annals of Hematology. Germany; 2020. p. 1157–9.
Tasso M, Esquembre C, Blanco E, Moscardó C, Niveiro M, Payá A. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) treated with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006 Oct 15;47(5):612–5.
Rivera D, Pérez-Castillo M, Fernández B, Stoeter P. Long-term follow-up in two cases of intracranial Rosai–Dorfman Disease complicated by incomplete resection and recurrence. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5(Supplement).
Singh A, Simons Y, Biren-Fetz J, Mohapatra G, Ni H, Gaitonde S, Khan I. Extended treatment response to imatinib in Rosai-Dorfman disease. Eur J Haematol. 2021 Jun 1;106(6):868–70.
Alqanatish JT, Houghton K, Bond M, Senger C, Tucker LB. Rituximab treatment in a child with rosai-dorfman disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2010 Aug;37(8):1783–4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Michał Szymoniuk, Aleksandra Dryla, Michalina Pytka, Piotr Kamieniak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 346
Number of citations: 0