Analysis of the bacterial flora of periodontal pockets and evaluation of the diagnostic value and the validity of using the PET test in the detection of Sockransky’s red complex pathogens at various stages and degrees of periodontitis
Discussion of selected clinical cases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.08.096Keywords
periodontitis, diagnostic methods, PET, microbiological diagnosticsAbstract
Introduction:
In microbiological diagnostics, a significant role is played by the PET test based on a polymerase chain reaction developed thanks to medical engineering methods, which, by amplifying specific fragments of genetic material, enables the identification of microorganisms. As a consequence, it is possible to quantify and qualify a sample of biological material under study, which has found application in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
Aim:
The following paper shows the validity of carrying out the PET test in people with clinically diagnosed chronic periodontitis who also suffer from other loads, such as smoking or systemic diseases, as well as the physiological state of pregnancy.
Another goal is also to confirm the presence of Sockransky's red complex bacteria responsible for the development of periodontitis.
Material and Methods:
The research was carried out at the Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontal Diseases, performing an examination of 4 patients, and then after determining the deepest periodontal pockets, biological material was collected from them and sent to a bacteriological laboratory, where it was analyzed.
Results:
The quantitative and qualitative determination of the samples of biological material collected from the pockets of the patients showed the presence of the red complex bacteria according to Sockransky, especially the species: Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Conclusions:
In the studied clinical cases, the PET test confirmed the presence of bacteria responsible for periodontitis. The legitimacy of its use was also confirmed, emphasizing that it is a tool that can be used by a dentist in implementing therapeutic decisions in the treatment of periodontitis.
References
Taraszkiewicz-Sulik K, Magnuszewski Ł, Gołębiewska M. Usefulness of PET test in preparation for the treatment of prosthetic patients with type I LADA diabetes.
Magazyn Stomatologiczny 2015;7-8;74-77.
Trąbska-Świstelnicka M. PET microbiological test - for use in everyday dental practice? Author’s own observation. Magazyn Stomatologiczny. 2012;6:62-68.
Korona-Głowniak I, Siwiec R, Berger M, Malm A, Szymańska J.
Molecular diagnostics of periodontitis. Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 2017;71:47-56.
https://doi.org/10.5604/17322693.1229820
Surma S, Romańczyk M, Czerniuk M.R, Witalińska J, Łabuzek K, Filipiak K.
Czy nadciśnienie tętnicze może mieć źródło w chorej jamie ustnej? Wpływ zapalenia przyzębia na ryzyko nadciśnienia tętniczego - przegląd literatury i badań klinicznych.
Varia Medica. 2021;1:31-47.
Bilińska M, Sokalski J. Ciążowe zapalenie dziąseł ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem guzów ciążowych. Ginekologia Polska 2016;4:310-313.
Mascarenhas P, Gapski R, Al-Shammari K, Wang HL. Influence of sex hormones on the periodontium. J Clin Periodontol. 2003;30:671-681.
https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0976-9668.166124
Rudziński R, Banach J. The influence of tobacco smoking on periodontal condition and the toxic effect of nicotine and its metabolites on periodontal tissues.
Czas. Stomatol. 2008;61(9):635-643.
Offenbacher S, Jared HL, O’Reilly PG, Wells SR, Salvi GE, Lawrence HP, Socransky SS, Beck JD. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Ann Periodontol. 1998 Jul;3(1):233-50.
doi: 10.1902/annals.1998.3.1.233 .
Damare SM, Wells SR, Offenbacher S. Eicosanoids in periodontal diseases: Potential for systemic involvement. In: Sinzinger H, Vane JR, Samuelsson B, Paoletti R, Ramwell PW, Wong PY-K, eds. Recent Advances in Prostaglandin, Thromboxane, and Leukotriene Research. New York: Plenum Publishing Corp.; 1998.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1810-9_5
Sharma S, Sridhar S, McIntosh A. Periodontal therapy and treatment of hypertension-alternative to the pharmacological approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacological Research. April 2021;166.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105511
Conrads G. DNA probes and primers in dental practise. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35(1):72-77.
https://doi.org/10.1086/341924
Jervøe Storm P. i wsp. Quantification of periodontal pathogens by paper point sampling from the coronal and apical aspect of periodontal lesions by real-time PCR.
J. Periodontol. 2007;78(5):909-917.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0333-x
Osmólska- Bogucka A.: Zastosowanie testów diagnostyki mikrobiologicznej u pacjentów z chorobą przyzębia. Nowa Stomatol. 2012;2:64-68.
Pawlik A.A.: Zastosowanie molekularno-biologicznego testu PET w periodontologii. Opis przypadku. Stomatol. Współcz. 2011;18(5):34-40.
Takashi Hanioka i wsp.: Smoking and periodontal microorganisms. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2019 Nov;55(1):88–94.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.03.002
Rudziński R, Banach J. Direction Toxically Nicotine Affects and Metabolites of Nicotine on the Periodontal Tissues. Dent. Med. Probl. 2007;44(2):251–254.
Guglielmetti MR i wsp.: Detection and quantification of periodontal pathogens in smokers and never-smokers with chronic periodontitis by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Periodontol. 2014 Oct;85(10):1450-7.
Teughles W, Van eldere J, Van steenberghe D, Cassiman JJ, Fives−taylor P, Quirynen M. Influence of nicotine and cotinine on epithelial colonization by periodontopathogenes.
J. periodontol. 2005;76:1315–1322.
Rudziński R. Effect of tobacco smoking on the course and degree of advancement inflammation in periodontal tissue. Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis 2010;56(2):97–105.
Olborska D, Klimek J, Pogwizd K. Ciążowe zapalenie dziąseł– przegląd piśmiennictwa. [Pregnancy gingivitis- Review of the Literature]. Magazyn Stomatologiczny 2021;5:66-74.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Aleksandra Adamus, Julia Cabon, Martyna Mrożek, Iwona Rudzińska, Sylwia Sekuła, Anna Wilk, Beata Wierucka-Młynarczyk
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 389
Number of citations: 0
