VLA15 - a potential Lyme disease vaccine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.08.100Keywords
VLA15, Lyme disease, BorreliaAbstract
Introduction: Lyme disease is the most common disease transmitted by ticks. In Poland, over 20,000 cases of this disease were diagnosed in 2019. The first vaccine approved to prevent this condition was Lymerix. Currently, we do not have any preparation registered for this purpose. Data from Phase 2 trials of VLA15 show strong immunogenicity in both adults and children, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile in both study populations
Aim: The purpose of this paper is to present the current state of the art in research into the VLA15 vaccine.
Results: Phase 3 of the VALOR study has started. Ultimately, about 6,000 participants aged 5 and older are to take part in it. The experiment is conducted in a dozen or so sites located in areas where Lyme disease is highly endemic. Participants will receive three doses of VLA15 180 µg or a placebo in saline as the first series of vaccinations, followed by one booster dose of VLA15 or placebo in 0.9% NaCl (1: 1 ratio).
Conclusion: Phase 2 studies on VLA15 showed promising results. Phase 3 of the research is ongoing.
Key words: VLA15, Lyme disease, Borrelia
References
Zbrzeźniak J, Rosolak A, Paradowska-Stankiewicz I. Lyme disease in Poland in 2019. Przegl Epidemiol. 2021;75(2):210–4.
Bobe JR, Jutras BL, Horn EJ, Embers ME, Bailey A, Moritz RL, et al. Recent Progress in Lyme Disease and Remaining Challenges. Front Med. 2021;8(August):1–25.
Schotthoefer AM, Frost HM. Ecology and Epidemiology of Lyme Borreliosis. Clin Lab Med [Internet]. 2015;35(4):723–43. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2015.08.003
Steere AC, Strle F, Wormser GP, Hu LT, Branda JA, Hovius WR, et al. Steere_2017_Lyme borreliosis.pdf. 2017;
Simonsen GLSKA. Lyme Disease [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Feb 8]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431066/
Steere AC, Sikand VK, Meurice F, Parenti DL, Fikrig E, Schoen RT, et al. Vaccination against Lyme disease with recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface lipoprotein A with adjuvant. Lyme Disease Vaccine Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jul;339(4):209–15.
De Silva AM, Telford SR, Brunet LR, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi OspA is an arthropod-specific transmission-blocking Lyme disease vaccine. J Exp Med. 1996;183(1):271–5.
Pfizer and Valneva Initiate Phase 3 Study of Lyme Disease Vaccine Candidate VLA15 [Internet]. Pfizer and Valneva Initiate Phase 3 Study of Lyme Disease Vaccine Candidate VLA15. 2022. Available from: https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-valneva-initiate-phase-3-study-lyme-disease?fbclid=IwAR3OSzQ2QjLiHslvazolPLGGaePjZNKNG2wwCr66-IecKem8mCU7v0HNpL8
Valneva and Pfizer Report Further Positive Phase 2 Data for Lyme Disease Vaccine Candidate [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Aug 1]. Available from: https://valneva.com/press-release/valneva-and-pfizer-report-further-positive-phase-2-data-for-lyme-disease-vaccine-candidate/
Valneva and Pfizer Report Positive Phase 2 Pediatric Data for Lyme Disease Vaccine Candidate [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://valneva.com/press-release/valneva-and-pfizer-report-positive-phase-2-pediatric-data-for-lyme-disease-vaccine-candidate/
Gomes-Solecki M, Arnaboldi PM, Bryon Backenson P, Benach JL, Cooper CL, Dattwyler RJ, et al. Protective immunity and new vaccines for lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;70(8):1768–73.
Stanek G, Reiter M. The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex-clinical significance of genomic species? Clin Microbiol Infect [Internet]. 2011;17(4):487–93. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03492.x
Pritt BS, Mead PS, Johnson DKH, Neitzel DF, Respicio-Kingry LB, Davis JP, et al. Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: A descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(5):556–64.
Asch ES, Bujak DI, Weiss M, Peterson MG, Weinstein A. Lyme disease: an infectious and postinfectious syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1994 Mar;21(3):454–61.
Marconi RT, Garcia-Tapia D, Hoevers J, Honsberger N, King VL, Ritter D, et al. VANGUARD®crLyme: A next generation Lyme disease vaccine that prevents B. burgdorferi infection in dogs. Vaccine X [Internet]. 2020;6:100079. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2020.100079
Marcnkiewicz AL, Lieknina I, Kotelovica S, Yang X, Kraiczy P, Pal U, et al. Eliminating factor H-Binding activity of Borrelia burgdorferi CspZ combined with virus-like particle conjugation enhances its efficacy as a Lyme disease vaccine. Front Immunol. 2018;9(FEB):1–11.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Jakub Czarnota, Michał Dobrzyński, Tomasz Skubel, Małgorzata Drozd, Iga Dudek, Natalia Rybak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 789
Number of citations: 0
