Role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their immunomodulating effects at female rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.104Keywords
Mineral waters, organic carbon and nitrogen, female rats, immunityAbstract
Background. Drinking mineral water is one of the ethnopharmacologic factors. Organic substances, despite their presence in all drinking mineral waters, are still considered to be active only in the water of Naftussya type (which, due to mineralization less than 1 g/L, are not formally mineral), whereas the physiological activity of true mineral waters (which mineralization is greater than 1-2 g/L) are associated with electrolytes and trace elements. Previously, we identified the role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their effects on certain metabolic and neuro-endocrine parameters. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of organic substances of same mineral waters in their effects on immunity parameters. Material and methods. Experiment was performed on 48 healthy female Wistar rats 240-290 g divided into 5 groups. Animals of the first group for 6 days administered a single tap water through the tube at a dose of 1,5 mL/100 g of body mass. In the second group we administered the water Naftussya from the Truskavets’ layer (Galychyna, Ukraine), in the third group the water Sophiya of the Truskavets’ field. The rats of the fourth group received the native water from the Hertsa (Bucovyna, Ukraine) field, and the last group received its artificial salt analogue. The day after the completion of the drinking course in all rats immunne parameters were registered. Results. On the basis of the correlation analysis with step-by-step exclusion, 9 immune parameters (Endotheliocytes of Thymus, Spleen Mass Index, Entropy of Splenocytogram, Natural Killers, B- and 0-Lymphocytes, Rod-shaped Neutrophils, Phagocytic Index and Microbian Count of Monocytes of Blood) are included in the regressive model for organic nitrogen (R=0,818) and 6 parameters (Endotheliocytes of Thymus, Fibroblastes and Reticulocytes of Spleen, Pan-Lymphocytes, Microbian Count of Neutrophils and Phagocytic Index of Monocytes of Blood) for organic carbon (R=0,690). Together, the organic components of the chemical composition of loading fluids determine their effect on the immune parameters by 77%. Conclusion. Organic substances of mineral waters play an essential role in their effects on the immune parameters of female rats.
References
Tsarfis, P.G., Danilova, Yu.Ye. (1975). Basic Principles of Treatment for Patients at the Resorts of the USSR. Moskva. Meditsina; 312. [In Russian].
Yaremenko, М.S., Ivassivka, S.V., Popovych, I.L., Bilas, V.R., Yasevych, A.P., Zahorodnyuk, V.P. et al. (1989). Physiological Bases of Curative Effect of Water Naftussya. Kyiv. Naukova dumka; 144. [in Russian].
Ivassivka, S.V. (1997). Biological Active Substances of Water Naftussya, their Genesis and Mechanisms of Physiological Effects. Kyiv. Naukova dumka; 110. [in Ukrainian].
Іvassivka, S.V., Popovych, I.L., Aksentijchuk, B.I., Bilas, V.R. (1999). Nature of Balneofactors of Water Naftussya and Essence its Curative and Prophilactive Effects. Truskavets’. Truskavets’kurort; 125. [in Ukrainian].
Bilas, V.R., Popovych, I.L. (2009). Role of microflora and organic substances of water Naftussya in its modulating influence on neuroendocrine-immune complex and metabolism. Medical Hydrology and Rehabilitation. 7(1): 68-102. [in Ukrainian].
Popovych, I.L., Ivassivka, S.V. (2009). Role of organic substances of water Naftussya in its physiological activity. Medical Hydrology and Rehabilitation, 7(2): 6-26. [in Ukrainian].
Popovych, I.L. (2011). Stresslimiting Adaptogene Mechanism of Biological and Curative Activity of Water Naftussya. Kyiv. Computerpress; 300. [in Ukrainian].
Dats’ko, O.R., Bubnyak. A.B., Ivassivka, S.V. (2008). The organic part in mineral water Naftussya. Development of knowledges about its composition and origination. Medical Hydrology and Rehabilitation, 6(1): 168-174. [in Ukrainian].
Zavidnyuk, Y.V., Mysula, I.R., Klishch, I.M., Zukow, W., Popovych, I.L., Korda, M.M. (2018). General non-specific metabolic, neuroendocrine and immune reactions to various water-salt loads in female rats. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(3): 513-524.
Gozhenko, A.I., Zavidnyuk, Y.V., Sydliaruk, N.I., Mysula, I.R., Klishch, I.M., Zukow, W. Et al. (2018). Features of metabolic reactions to various water-salt loads in female rats. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(4): 496-518.
Gozhenko, O.A., Zavidnyuk, Y.V., Korda, M.M., Mysula, I.R., Klishch, I.M., Zukow, W., Popovych, I.L. (2018). Features of neuro-endocrine and immune reactions to various water-salt loads in female rats. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(9): 11-31.
Popovych, I.L., Zavidnyuk, Y.V., Korda, M.M., Mysula, I.R., Klishch, I.M., Zukow, W. (2018). Role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their metabolic effects at female rats. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(12): 793-802.
Zukow, W., Gozhenko, O.A., Zavidnyuk, Y.V., Korda, M.M., Mysula, I.R., Klishch, I.M. et al. (2020). Role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their neuro-endocrine effects at female rats. International J of Applied Exercise Physiology, 9(4): 20-25.
Popоvych, I.L. (2007). Information effects of bioactive water Naftyssya in rats: modulation entropic, prevention desynchronizing and limitation of disharmonizing actions water immersion stress for information components of neuro-endocrine-immune system and metabolism, which correlates with gastroprotective effect. Medical Hydrology and Rehabilitation, 5(3): 50-70. [in Ukrainian].
Perederiy, V.G., Zemskov, A.M., Bychkova, N.G., Zemskov, V.M. (1995). Immune status, principles of its evaluation and correction of immune disorders. Kyiv. Zdorovya; 211. [in Russian].
Douglas, S.D., Quie, P.G. (1981). Investigation of Phagocytes in Disease. Churchil. 110.
Bilas, V.R., Popadynets’, O.O., Flyunt, I-S.S., Sydoruk, N.O., Badiuk, N.S., Gushcha, S.G. et al. (2020). Entropies of thymocytogram, splenocytogram, immunocytogram and leukocytogram in rats are regulated by sex and the neuroendocrine parameters while regulates immune parameters. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 10(7): 266-288.
Popadynets’, O., Gozhenko, A., Badyuk, N., Popovych, I., Skaliy, A., Hagner-Derengowska, M. et al (2020). Interpersonal differences caused by adaptogen changes in entropies of EEG, HRV, immunocytogram, and leukocytogram. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(Suppl 2), 982-999.
Quintana, F.J., Sherr, D.H. (2013). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor control of adaptive immunity. Pharmacol Rev, 65(4): 1148-1161.
Esser, C., Rannug, A. (2015). The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in barrier organ physiology, immunology, and toxicology. Pharmacol Rev, 67(2): 259-279.
Avilla, M.N., Malecki, K.M.C., Hahn, M.E., Wilson, R.H., Bradfield, C.A. (2020). The Ah Receptor: Adaptive Metabolism, Ligand Diversity, and the Xenokine Model. Chem Res Toxicol, 33(4): 860-879.
Climaco-Arvizu, S., Domínguez-Acosta, O., Cabañas-Cortés, M.A., et al. (2016). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor influences nitric oxide and arginine production and alters M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Life Sci, 155: 76-84.
Yang, X., Liu, H., Ye, T., Duan, C., Lv, P., Wu, X. et al (2020). AhR activation attenuates calcium oxalate nephrocalcinosis by diminishing M1 macrophage polarization and promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Theranostics, 10(26), 12011–12025.
Prasad Singh, N., Nagarkatti, M., Nagarkatti, P. (2020). From Suppressor T cells to Regulatory T cells: How the Journey That Began with the Discovery of the Toxic Effects of TCDD Led to Better Understanding of the Role of AhR in Immunoregulation. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(21), 7849.
Abdulla, O. A., Neamah, W., Sultan, M., Chatterjee, S., Singh, N., Nagarkatti, M., Nagarkatti, P. (2021). AhR Ligands Differentially Regulate miRNA-132 Which Targets HMGB1 and to Control the Differentiation of Tregs and Th-17 Cells During Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Response. Frontiers in immunology, 12, 635903.
Busbee, P. B., Rouse, M., Nagarkatti, M., Nagarkatti, P. S. (2013). Use of natural AhR ligands as potential therapeutic modalities against inflammatory disorders. Nutrition reviews, 71(6), 353–369.
Ivassivka, S.V., Popovych, I.L., Yaremenko, M.S., Kovbasnyuk, M.M. (1990). Mineral water Naftussya as xenobiotic. Fiziol Zhurn, 36(3): 40-45. [in Russian].
Popovych, I.L., Ivassivka, S.V., Yasevych, A.P., Havdyak, M.V., Bilyk, I.I. (1990). Protective effect of organic substances of water naftussya on erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa in rats under immobilization-cold stress. Fiziol Zhurn, 36(4): 68-76. [in Russian].
Popovych, I.L., Gumega, M.D., Verba, I.E., Popovych, A.I., Korolyshyn, T.A., Tkachuk, S.P. et al. (2016). Comparative investigation effects on nervous and immune systems of bioactive water Naftussya spa Truskavets’ and stable water solution of Boryslav’s ozokerite. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 6(4): 364-374.
Popovych, A.I. (2018). Features of the immunotropic effects of partial components of the balneotherapeutic complex of spa Truskavets’. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(12): 919-935.
Popovych, A.I. (2019). Features of the neurotropic effects of partial components of the balneotherapeutic complex of spa Truskavets’. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 9(1): 396-409.
Thayer, J.F., Sternberg, E.M. (2010). Neural aspects of immunomodulation: Focus on the vagus nerve. Brain Behav Immun, 24(8): 1223-1228.
Chavan, S.S., Pavlov, V.A., Tracey, K.J. (2017). Mechanism and therapeutic relevance of neuro-immune communication. Immunity, 46: 927-942.
Chavan, S.S., Tracey, K.J. (2017). Essencial Neuroscience in Immunology. J Immunol, 198: 3389-3397.
Pavlov, V.A., Chavan, S.S., Tracey, K.J. (2018). Molecular and functional neuroscience in immunity. Annu Rev Immunol, 36: 783-812.
Popovych, I.L., Gozhenko, A.I., Zukow, W., Polovynko, I.S. (2020). Variety of Immune Responses to Chronic Stress and their Neuro-Endocrine Accompaniment. Scholars' Press. Riga; 172.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Igor Popovych, Igor Mysula, Andriy Popovych, Yuriy Mysula, Nataliya Sydliaruk, Volodymyra Bilas, Walery Zukow
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Stats
Number of views and downloads: 338
Number of citations: 0
