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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Male hypogonadism – brief review of symptoms, types and ways of treatment
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Male hypogonadism – brief review of symptoms, types and ways of treatment

Authors

  • Ewa Tywanek Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; Department of Endocrinology with Department of Nuclear Medicine, Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region St. Jana z Dukli in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2311-994X
  • Paulina Trojanowska Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-6473
  • Jakub Wronecki Chair and Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-7072
  • Katarzyna Wiśniewska-Ślepaczuk Diagnostic Techniques Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1525-2871
  • Robert Jan Łuczyk Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0889-6326

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.070

Keywords

hypogonadism, testosterone therapy, Klinefelter Syndrome, metabolic syndrome, obesity

Abstract

Appropriate concentration of androgens is necessary for general men’s health, especially for development and maintain reproductive and sexual function, as well as metabolic balance. The state  of deficiency of testosterone or its inadequate action, as well as inability to produce good quality semen is called hypogonadism. Depending on the function of the testicles, production of androgens and sperm is also conditioned on hypothalamus-pituitary axis, metabolic status and age of the individual. Considering that, hypogonadism of primary, secondary, functional or late-onset origin may be recognised. As it concerns susceptible matter of sexual and reproductive health, it requires special interest of differently clinicians, i.e. endocrinologists, andrologists or urologists.

References

Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, et al (2018) Testosterone Therapy in Men with Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 103:1715–1744

Byrne MM, Nieschlag E (2003) Testosterone replacement therapy in male hypogonadism. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 26:481–489

Carrageta DF, Oliveira PF, Alves MG, Monteiro MP (2019) Obesity and male hypogonadism: Tales of a vicious cycle. Obes. Rev. 20:1148–1158

Carrasquillo R, Chu K, Ramasamy R (2018) Novel Therapy for Male Hypogonadism. Curr. Urol. Rep. 19:1–8

Corona G, Rastrelli G, Vignozzi L, Maggi M (2012) Emerging medication for the treatment of male hypogonadism. Expert Opin. Emerg. Drugs 17:239–259

Cumming DC, Quigley ME, Yen SSC (1983) Acute suppression of circulating testosterone levels by cortisol in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 57:671–673. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-57-3-671

Daniell HW (2002) Hypogonadism in men consuming sustained-action oral opioids. J Pain 3:377–384. https://doi.org/10.1054/jpai.2002.126790

El Osta R, Grandpre N, Monnin N, et al (2017) Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men with hereditary hemochromatosis. Basic Clin. Androl. 27

Ferlin A, Garolla A, Ghezzi M, et al (2021) Sperm Count and Hypogonadism as Markers of General Male Health. Eur Urol Focus 7:205–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2019.08.001

Kumar P, Kumar N, Thakur DS, Patidar A (2010) Male hypogonadism: Symptoms and treatment. J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res. 1:297–301

Naifar M, Rekik N, Messedi M, et al (2015) Male hypogonadism and metabolic syndrome. Andrologia 47:579–586. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12305

Rigon FA, Ronsoni MF, Hohl A, van de Sande-Lee S (2019) Effects of Bariatric Surgery in Male Obesity-Associated Hypogonadism. Obes Surg 29:2115–2125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-03829-0

Saylam B, Efesoy O, Ayan S (2011) The effect of aromatase inhibitor letrozole on body mass index, serum hormones, and sperm parameters in infertile men. Fertil Steril 95:809–811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.09.021

Shabsigh A, Kang Y, Shabsign R, et al (2005) Clomiphene citrate effects on testosterone/estrogen ratio in male hypogonadism. J Sex Med 2:716–721. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2005.00075.x

Wu FCW, Tajar A, Beynon JM, et al (2010) Identification of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men. N Engl J Med 363:123–135. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0911101

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Published

2021-09-27

How to Cite

1.
TYWANEK, Ewa, TROJANOWSKA, Paulina, WRONECKI, Jakub, WIŚNIEWSKA-ŚLEPACZUK, Katarzyna and ŁUCZYK, Robert Jan. Male hypogonadism – brief review of symptoms, types and ways of treatment. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 27 September 2021. Vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 538-543. [Accessed 5 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.070.
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Vol. 11 No. 9 (2021)

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Review Articles

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