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Journal of Education, Health and Sport

Diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma
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Diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

Authors

  • Eryk Mikos Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-2882
  • Joanna Dmochowska Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-2363
  • Karol Kanon Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-1302
  • Sara Moqbil Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1230-1444
  • Wanesa Góralczyk Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5804-2869

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.059

Keywords

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, diagnosis, neuroimaging, histopathology

Abstract

Introduction. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic cancer of the central nervous system that is classified as grade II according to the WHO score. It accounts for 1% of primary brain tumors. It is mainly located in the temporal lobe and belongs to a group of tumors called long-term epilepsy associated tumors. Surgical tumor resection is the treatment of choice.

Brief description of the state of knowledge. The non-invasive method of PXA diagnostics is neuroimaging, which is based on computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the image, PXA presents as a solid tumor undergoing contrast enhancement, located supratentorial, with frequent peripheral cystic components.

The characteristic histologic picture for PXA is the presence of highly pleomorphic, fusiform or round, large astrocytes with single or multiple cell nuclei. Lymphoplasmic infiltrates are visible within the tumor. The most common mutations associated with the occurrence of this cancer are mutations in the BRAF V600E gene.

Conclusions. PXA is a very rare tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) that can recur and spread throughout the CNS. Imaging tests, i.e. CT and MRI, allow for precise imaging of the lesion, however, it is necessary to perform a histopathological examination to make a final diagnosis. The rarity of this cancer assimilates diagnostic problems. Therefore, further molecular research is needed to develop more efficient diagnostics.

References

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Published

2021-09-23

How to Cite

1.
MIKOS, Eryk, DMOCHOWSKA, Joanna, KANON, Karol, MOQBIL, Sara and GÓRALCZYK, Wanesa. Diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. Online. 23 September 2021. Vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 457-461. [Accessed 3 July 2025]. DOI 10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.09.059.
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Vol. 11 No. 9 (2021)

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Review Articles

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Copyright (c) 2021 Eryk Mikos, Joanna Dmochowska, Karol Kanon, Sara Moqbil, Wanesa Góralczyk

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The periodical offers access to content in the Open Access system under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

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